Preface 1. Introduction Ipperwash as a Case Study; Dissent and Society The So-Called 'Indian Problem' Research on Aboriginal Policy; Legal, Cultural, and Social Variability Modern Aboriginal Conditions The Scope of the Book 2. Aboriginal Policy in Canada The Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples (1996) Nunavut: A New Land, A New Deal (1999) Ipperwash Inquiry (1995-2007; Canada Votes against UN Aboriginal Rights Declaration (2007) Prime Minister Harper's Apology (2008) Aboriginal Leader's Reactions Urban Aboriginal Strategy (1997-2012) Assessing Canada's Aboriginal Policy Conclusion 3. The Nature of Aboriginal Rights The Context of Aboriginal Claims The Concept of Aboriginal Rights Treaties and Land Surrenders Aboriginal Claims Policy The Courts and Aboriginal Claims Conclusion 4. The Politics of Resistance and Confrontation Contested Ground: The Nature of Resistance The Ojibway Warrior Society, Kenora, Ontario (1974) The Teme-Augama Anishnabai Logging Blockade (1988) The Innu and the Goose Bay Air Base Occupation (1988) The Lubicon Lake Cree Confrontation (1988) The Mohawk Warrior Society, Oka, Quebec (1990) First Nations Policing Policy (1992) The Gustafsen Lake Standoff (1995) The Burnt Church Fishing Dispute (2002) Caledonia and the Grand River Land Dispute (2006) Grassy Narrows: Mercury Poisoning and Forest Management Protest (2006) The Akwesasne Border Confrontation (2009) Patterns of Resistance: Comparative Perspectives Aboriginal-Police Relations: Resistance and Reconciliation Conclusion 5. The Ipperwash confrontation Aboriginal Origins in Ontario Kettle and Stony Point First Nations Land Cessions The Occupation of Ipperwash Park The Ontario Government's Response Racial and Culturally Intolerant Attitudes The Shooting of Dudley George The OPP Response A Framework for Police Preparedness Chiefs of Ontario Response to the Framework Did the OPP Forget the Lessons of Ipperwash? Amnesty International is Watching Ipperwash Inquiry Backlash Ipperwash and the Media Conclusion 6. Ipperwash Inquiry Recommendations Ipperwash Inquiry Recommendations Policing Aboriginal Protests and Occupations Facilitating Negotiations Project Maple: Crisis Negotiation Redressive Action Treaty Commission of Ontario Wider Considerations of the Ipperwash Inquiry Update: Return of Land and Settlements Conclusion 7. Ipperwash as Racial Oppression Anti-Native Prejudice Understanding Racial Oppression The Violent Suppression of Aboriginal Protests Policy Recommendations Concerning Aboriginal Protests Aboriginal Policy as an Exercise of Choice? The Systemic Nature of Racial Oppression Conclusion 8.

Institutional Racism in Canada The Characteristics of Institutional Racism The Media The Police The State A Policy of Respect, Justice and Tolerance Summary of Aboriginal Issues Concluding Remarks on Aboriginal Protests and Resistance NOTES References Appendix Index.