Perinatal use of zidovudine, AZT and other treatments have reduced the rate of HIV-infected infants to an average 300 per year in developed nations; in emerging nations, 1800 infants are born at risk of HIV every day. A future generation of HIV infections can be prevented by delivering known interventions at more culture-specific levels. This volume combines the proceedings of two conferences with that aim: The Global Conference on the Prevention of AIDS Transmission from Mothers to Infants concentrated on social, political, and cultural forces in the epidemiology of HIV. A satellite conference focused on the clinical aspects of maternofetal, infant, and pediatric AIDS. The summary proceedings offer to international health agencies models for realistic intervention programs for the areas of the world that are most at risk.