1 History and Introduction to Vertebral Augmentation 2 Vertebral Compression Fractures 3 Pre-Procedure Assessment Prior to Vertebral Augmentation 4 Physical Examination Findings in Patients with Vertebral Compression Fractures 5 Medication Pain Management in Patients with Vertebral Compression Fractures 6 Approaches to the Vertebral Body 7 Properties of Bone Cements and Vertebral Fill Materials: Implications for Clinical Use in Image-Guided Therapy and Vertebral Augmentation 8 Vertebroplasty 9 Sacroplasty: Management of Sacral Insufficiency Fractures 10 Cervical and Posterior Arch Augmentation 11 Balloon Kyphoplasty 12 Vertebral Augmentation with Implants 13 Radiation Exposure and Protection: A Conversation Beyond the Inverse Square Law, DLDs, and Lead Aprons 14 Appropriateness Criteria for Vertebral Augmentation 15 Literature Analysis of Vertebral Augmentation 16 Cost Effectiveness of Vertebral Augmentation 17 Additional and Adjacent Level Fractures After Vertebral Augmentation 18 Predisposing Factors to Vertebral Fractures 19 Bracing for Spinal Fractures 20 Amount of Cement or Vertebral Fill Material for Optimal Treatment and Pain Relief 21 Clinical Presentation and the Response to Vertebral Augmentation 22 Effect of Vertebral Augmentation on Morbidity and Mortality 23 Number of Levels Appropriately Treated with Vertebral Augmentation 24 Pain after Vertebral Augmentation 24.1 Postural Fatigue Syndrome 25 Physical Therapy after Vertebral Augmentation 26 Sham vs. Vertebral Augmentation 27 Treatment of Chronic Vertebral Compression Fractures 28 Treatment of Neoplastic Vertebral Compression Fractures 29 Vertebral Augmentation in Instrumented Spinal Fusions 29.1 Biomechanical Changes After Vertebral Compression Fractures 29.2 Advanced Principles of Minimally-Invasive Vertebral Body Stabilization in Severe Benign and Malignant Fractures: Stent-Screw Assisted Internal Fixation: The SAIF Technique 30 Cementoplasty Outside the Spine 31 Treatment of Osteoporosis after Vertebral Augmentation Appendix: Miscellaneous Tips by the Masters of Vertebral Augmentation If You Aim at Height Restoration, Then Mind the Access! Pearls of Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty Excellence is a Habit Osteonecrosis of the Spine (Kümmel-Verneuil Disease) Cement Augmentation Cementing Tips After Prior Vertebral Augmentation Radiofrequency Ablation and Vertebral Implant Augmentation in a Patient with Lytic Metastatic Disease: Case Study Vertebral Hemangioma Causing Congestive Myelopathy Despite Absence of Angiographically Evident Arterio-venous Shunting Vertebral Augmentation Devices in the Treatment of Traumatic Vertebral Fractures Vertebral Augmentation: Tips and Tricks Dorsal Root Ganglion Stimulation to Treat Persistent Radicular Pain after Compression Fracture Vertebral Augmentation Tips and Tricks of the Trade Treatment of a Thoracic Vertebral Compression Fracture with Vertebra Plana Vertebroplasty of a Myelomatous C3 Vertebral Body Through an Anterolateral Route Refracture After Kyphoplasty Therapy for a Non-Healing Osteoporotic VCF.