Preface Acknowledgments About The Authors Section I: Individual and Developmental Processes Chapter 1: Introduction to African American Psychology Introduction, Definitions, and Conceptual Frameworks Historical Perspective on the Psychological Study of African Americans Study of African Americans in American Psychology Self-Determination Status of African American Psychology Today Methodological and Research Issues Critical Analysis Summary Chapter 2: African-Centered Psychology Introduction to African-Centered Psychology and the Africentric Worldview African American Psychologists and African-Centered Psychology African-Centered Research With African Americans Methodological and Research Issues Best Practices for Increasing African-Centered Values Critical Analysis Summary Chapter 3: Self-Attributes and Identity Introductions, Definitions, and Conceptual Framework Identity: Development and Change Models of Racial Identity Sexual Identity and Related Constructs Methodological and Research Issues Best Practices for Increasing Positive Racial and Ethnic Identity Critical Analysis Summary Chapter 4: Race and Racism Introduction, Definitions, and Historical Overview Experiencing Racism Types of Racism Consequences of Racism Coping With Racism Colorism and Africentric Features Methodological and Research Issues Promising Practices for Reducing Racism Critical Analysis Summary Section II: Social Systems and Structures Chapter 5: Kinship and Family Definitions and Historical Background on African American Families Historical Perspective on African American Families What Does the African American Family Look Like? Strengths, Coping, and Parenting Patterns Methodological and Research Issues Best Practices for Strengthening African American Families Critical Analysis Summary Chapter 6: Education and Work Introduction and Overview Research on the Educational Experiences of African Americans Culture and Noncognitive Factors in Education Perspectives on Work, Career, Vocations, and Employment Methodological and Research Issues Evidence-Based Practices for Improving Educational Outcomes Critical Analysis Summary Chapter 7: Neighborhoods and Communities Introduction and Overview Demographic and Historical Perspectives on the African American Community Conceptual and Theoretical Perspectives on Communities Research on African American Communities Methodological and Research Issues Empirically Supported Practices and Policy for Community and Neighborhood Improvement Critical Analysis Summary Section III: Individual and Developmental Processes Chapter 8: Interpersonal and Close Relationships Introduction, Definitions, and Historical Perspectives Friendships and Peer Relationships Romantic Relationships Interpersonal Attraction Interracial Attitudes, Friendships, and Relationships Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ+) Relationships Methodological and Research Issues Best Practices for Improving Relationships Critical Analysis Summary Chapter 9: Cognition, Learning, and Language Introduction, Definitions, and Historical Framework Learning Style Language Methodological and Research Issues Promising Practices for Increasing Learning and Language Skills Critical Analysis Summary Chapter 10: Religion and Spirituality Introduction, Definitions, and Religious Practices Historical Influences Contemporary African American Churches The Black MegaChurch Spirituality, Religion, and Well-Being Contemporary Topics Methodological and Research Issues Best Practices for Using Religion and Spirituality to Improve Well-being Critical Analysis Summary Chapter 11: Life Span Development Introduction and Definitions Demographics Theoretical Perspectives on the Development of African Americans Research on the Development of African Americans Methodological and Research Issues Best Practices for Improving Developmental Outcomes Critical Analysis Summary Section IV: Adjustment and Adaptation Chapter 12: Health, Illness, and Disability Introduction, Definitions, and Background Health Promotion, Disease Prevention, and Health Care Utilization Models of Health and Illness Behaviors Selected Health and Illness Conditions Among African Americans Methodological and Research Issues Best Practices for Reducing Morbidity and Mortality Critical Analysis Summary Chapter 13: Behavioral Health Introduction and Definitions Theoretical Perspectives on Psychological Adaptation and Dysfunction Among African Americans Mental Health of African Americans Drug Use Among African Americans Methodological and Research Issues Best Practices for Improving Behavioral Health Critical Analysis Summary Chapter 14: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior Introduction Prosocial Behavior Antisocial Behavior Methodological and Research Issues Best Practices for Increasing Prosocial Behavior and Decreasing Antisocial Behavior Critical Analysis Summary References.