Foreword xxiii Preface xxvii 1 IPv6 Rationale and Features 1 1.1 Internet Growth 1 1.2 Real Issues and Trouble with IPv4 10 1.3 Architectural Considerations 20 1.4 Paradigm Shift 26 1.5 IETF Work Towards IPv6 27 1.6 IPv6 Main Features 30 1.7 IPv6 Milestones 32 1.

8 IPv6 Return on Investment 32 1.9 What Happened to IPv5? 33 1.10 Summary 34 1.11 References 34 1.12 Further Reading 36 2 I Can''t Wait to Get my Hands Dirty! 37 2.1 Setup Description 37 2.2 Steps 38 2.3 Summary 42 2.

4 References 42 2.5 Further Reading 42 3 IPv6 Datagram 43 3.1 Description of the IP Datagram 43 3.2 IPv4 Header 44 3.3 IPv6 Header 46 3.4 Header Fields 47 3.5 Extension Headers 50 3.6 Datagram Size 53 3.

7 Upper-layer Protocols 58 3.8 Summary 59 3.9 References 59 4 Addressing 61 4.1 Address Space 61 4.2 Format of an Address 62 4.3 Unicast Addresses 64 4.4 Multicast Addressing 71 4.5 Anycast 74 4.

6 Addressing Architecture 74 4.7 Summary 76 4.8 References 76 4.9 Further Reading 77 5 Configuring Node Addresses 79 5.1 Static Address Configuration 79 5.2 Address Auto-Configuration 79 5.3 Lifetime of Advertised Prefixes 84 5.4 Node Booting Process 87 5.

5 DHCPv6 88 5.6 Node Addresses 93 5.7 Configuring Interfaces and Router Advertisements on Hosts and Routers 93 5.8 Summary 107 5.9 Appendix 108 5.10 References 111 5.11 Further Reading 111 6 Link-layer Integration 113 6.1 Solicited-Node Multicast Address 113 6.

2 Neighbor Solicitation and Advertisement 115 6.3 Duplicate Address Detection 117 6.4 Neighbor Cache 117 6.5 EUI-64 and Neighbor Discovery 118 6.6 IPv6 over Ethernet 119 6.7 Point-to-Point Links 122 6.8 Multi-link Subnets 124 6.9 Router Advertisements of the Link MTU 125 6.

10 Managing Neighbors on Hosts and Routers 125 6.11 Summary 129 6.12 References 129 6.13 Further Reading 130 7 Internet Control Message Protocol 131 7.1 ICMP 131 7.2 Neighbor Discovery 136 7.3 Hop Limit Set to 255 136 7.4 Managing ICMP on Hosts and Routers 136 7.

5 Summary 138 7.6 References 138 8 Naming with DNS and Selecting an Address 139 8.1 Hostname To IPv6 Address with the AAAA Record 139 8.2 IPv6 Address To Hostname 140 8.3 Transport 141 8.4 DNS Server Discovery 143 8.5 Node Information Query 143 8.6 IP Address Selection 143 8.

7 Configuring DNS and Address Selection on Hosts and Routers 144 8.8 Summary 148 8.9 References 148 8.10 Further Reading 149 9 Routing 151 9.1 Required Router Addresses 151 9.2 Source Routing with the Routing Header 151 9.3 Route Redirect 154 9.4 Static Routes 155 9.

5 RIP 155 9.5.1 Changes 156 9.6 OSPF 157 9.7 IS-IS 158 9.8 BGP 159 9.9 Tunneling IPv6 160 9.10 Renumbering Routers 162 9.

11 Internet Routing 163 9.12 Multihoming 166 9.13 Summary 171 9.14 References 171 9.15 Further Reading 172 10 Configuring Routing 173 10.1 Considerations on Using Autoconfiguration for Router Interfaces 173 10.2 FreeBSD 174 10.3 Linux 176 10.

4 Solaris 177 10.5 Windows 178 10.6 Cisco 179 10.7 Hexago 184 10.8 Juniper 184 10.9 Quagga 190 10.10 Summary 193 10.11 Further Reading 193 11 Mobility 195 11.

1 Overview 196 11.2 MobileIP 202 11.3 Applications are not Aware of Mobility 202 11.4 Mobile Node is at Home 202 11.5 Mobile Node is away from Home 203 11.6 Mobile Node is Moving Again 206 11.7 Mobile Node Comes Back Home 207 11.8 Securing the Binding Update 207 11.

9 Correspondent Node is Not MobileIP Aware 209 11.10 Advanced Features 212 11.11 MobileIP Messaging 215 11.12 Deployment Considerations 218 11.13 Configuring Mobility 219 11.14 Summary 223 11.15 References 223 11.16 Further Reading 224 12 Wireless IP 225 12.

1 Characteristics of Wireless Links 225 12.2 Header Compression over Limited Bandwidth Link Layers 226 12.3 TCP Behavior over Wireless 228 12.4 3GPP 229 12.5 3GPP2 231 12.6 Summary 231 12.7 References 231 12.8 Further Reading 232 13 Security 233 13.

1 IP Security (IPsec) 234 13.2 Secure Shell (SSH) 243 13.3 Filtering and Firewalls 244 13.4 Temporary Addresses 244 13.5 More Secure Protocols 245 13.6 Securing IPv6 on the Link 245 13.7 Is IPv6 More Secure? 248 13.8 Configuring Security on Hosts and Routers 248 13.

9 Summary 253 13.10 References 253 14 Quality of Service 255 14.1 IPv5: Streaming Protocol 255 14.2 Diffserv 256 14.3 Integrated Services 256 14.4 Network Address Translation 260 14.5 Hardware processing 260 14.6 Configuring QoS on Hosts and Routers 261 14.

7 Summary 262 14.8 References 262 15 Multicast and Anycast 265 15.1 Multicast Basics 265 15.2 Multicast Listener Discovery 267 15.3 Multicast Routing 270 15.4 Multicast Address Allocation 270 15.5 Unicast-based Multicast Addressing 271 15.6 Allocation of Multicast Addresses 271 15.

7 Multicast Reserved Addresses 272 15.8 Anycast 273 15.9 Configuring Anycast and Multicast on Hosts and Routers 275 15.10 Summary 275 15.11 References 275 16 Deploying IPv6 in IPv4 Dominant Networks 277 16.1 Combined IPv4 and IPv6 Network 277 16.2 Tunneling IPv6 in IPv4 278 16.3 Tunneling IPv6 in GRE-IPv4 325 16.

4 Comparing IPv6 in IPv4 Solutions 326 16.5 Configuring IPv6 in IPv4 Dominant Networks 326 16.6 Summary 343 16.7 References 343 17 Deploying IPv6 Dominant Networks with IPv4 Support 345 17.1 Tunneling IPv4 in IPv6 345 17.2 IP Packet and Transport Translation 350 17.3 Configuring IPv4 in IPv6 Dominant Networks 351 17.4 Summary 355 17.

5 References 355 18 Migrating with Application Level Gateways 357 18.1 Application Level Gateway 357 18.2 Application Specific Proxy 358 18.3 Considerations of Application Level Gateways 358 18.4 Summary 358 19 Transport Protocols 359 19.1 Checksum 359 19.2 Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) 360 19.2.

1 Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) 360 19.3 User Datagram Protocol (UDP) 362 19.4 Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) 363 19.5 Summary 363 19.6 References 363 20 Network Management 365 20.1 SNMP Transport 365 20.2 Management Information Base (MIB) 366 20.3 Other Management Tools 367 20.

4 Authentication, Authorization and Accounting using RADIUS 367 20.5 Configuring SNMP on Hosts and Routers 368 20.6 Summary 369 20.7 References 369 21 Porting Applications 371 21.1 Introduction 371 21.2 Considerations 371 21.3 Structures 373 21.4 Functions 375 21.

5 Change Table 376 21.6 Best Practice 377 21.7 Basic Example 377 21.8 Summary 380 21.9 References 380 21.10 Further Reading 380 22 Configuration and Usage of IPv6-enabled Open Source Software 381 22.1 Apache Web Server 381 22.2 Sendmail 382 22.

3 Postfix 382 22.4 SSH 383 22.5 XFree86 383 22.6 MRTG 383 22.7 Dovecot 384 22.8 Summary 384 22.9 References 384 23 Best Current Practices and Case Studies 385 23.1 IPv6 Internet Address Space 385 23.

2 IPv6 Address Policy 385 23.3 IPv6 Address Planning 387 23.4 Incremental Deployment 389 23.5 DNS Considerations 390 23.6 Routing Considerations 391 23.7 Security Considerations 391 23.8 Mail Considerations 393 23.9 Deploying IPv6 and Connecting to the IPv6 Internet 393 23.

10 Summary 407 23.11 References 407 23.12 Further Reading 407 24 Conclusion 409 25 Quick Reference 411 Index 413.