Preface ix Introduction and How to Use This Book xi About the Companion Website xxxix Chapter 1 Respiratory Problems 1 Coughs and colds 1 Cough 20 Sore throat 35 Allergic rhinitis (hay fever) 44 Respiratory symptoms for direct referral 54 Chapter 2 COVID- 19 and Long- COVID 63 Covid- 19 63 Long- COVID - continuing symptoms after COVID- 19 infection 69 Chapter 3 Gastrointestinal Tract Problems 79 Mouth ulcers 79 Heartburn 88 Indigestion 99 Nausea and vomiting 109 Motion sickness and its prevention 113 Constipation 116 Diarrhoea 130 Irritable bowel syndrome 146 Haemorrhoids 158 Chapter 4 Skin Conditions 171 Eczema/dermatitis 171 Acne 184 Common fungal infections 192 Ringworm (tinea) 198 Fungal nail infections (onychomycosis) 199 Intertrigo (candidal skin crease infections) 201 Cold sores 204 Sunburn 209 Warts and verrucae 211 Scabies 218 Dandruff 223 Psoriasis 227 Chapter 5 Painful Conditions 237 Musculoskeletal problems 237 Headache 261 Chapter 6 Women's Health 283 Cystitis 283 Incontinence 293 Dysmenorrhoea 303 Premenstrual syndrome 311 Menorrhagia 314 Menopause 317 Vaginal thrush 328 Desogestrel oral contraception 338 Emergency hormonal contraception 345 Common symptoms in pregnancy 355 Chapter 7 Men's Health 361 Lower urinary tract symptoms 361 Erectile dysfunction 366 Hair loss 370 Chapter 8 Older People, Frailty and Falls Prevention 377 Frailty 377 Preventing falls 378 Chapter 9 Eye and Ear Problems 385 Eye problems: the red eye 386 Eye problems: the dry eye 395 Common ear problems 402 Chapter 10 Childhood Conditions 411 Common childhood rashes - infections 411 Impetigo 420 Infantile colic 422 Teething 425 Nappy rash (napkin dermatitis) 426 Head lice 432 Threadworm (pinworm) 439 Oral thrush (oral candidiasis) 443 Chapter 11 Insomnia and Mental Well- Being 453 Insomnia 453 Mental well- being 461 Suicidal thoughts and suicide prevention 464 Chapter 12 Prevention of Heart Disease 471 Prevention of heart disease 471 Smoking cessation and nicotine replacement therapy 480 OTC orlistat 487 Chapter 13 Malaria Prevention 495 Chapter 14 Pharmacogenomics 507 Appendix: Summary of Symptoms for Direct Referral 517 Index 519.