"vii© 2025 SAE InternationalContentsForeword I. xiForeword II .xvAcknowledgments . xviiList of Acronyms . xxiChapter 01 - Introduction1.1. A Note on Definitions Used in the Book. 5Chapter 02 - The Status of Global Auto-Mobility in 20252.

1. Vehicle Usage . 72.1.1. Maslow''s Needs Hierarchy--Applied to Cars . 92.1.

2. Automobiles are "Overengineered" . 112.2. The Rise of Automotive Electronics . 162.2.1.

The Life of a Typical Car--a Link between Developed andDeveloping Worlds . 192.2.2. Other Motorized Passenger Vehicles . 232.3. Future Societal and Demographic Trends.

252.3.1. Urbanization . 262.3.2. Age Demographics .

292.3.3. Obesity . 31References . 38Chapter 03 - The Recent Automotive (R)evolution1990-20253.1. EVs .

443.2. Microvehicles . 553.3. EV Technology . 573.4.

Connectivity and Software-Defined Vehicles (SDVs). 623.5. AVs . 66Sustainable and Affordable Mobility for Allviii3.6. Autonomous, Connected, Electric Mobility . 733.

7. MaaS . 75References . 86Chapter 04 - The Emerging Automotive Landscape2025-20354.1. Battery Performance . 894.2.

Battery Charging . 924.3. Hydrogen Fuel Cells. 994.4. Rethinking Chassis and Propulsion . 1014.

5. A New Automotive E/E Architecture . 1064.6. AVs . 1084.7. Cabin Experience .

1194.8. V2X. 1244.9. eVTOLs (Air Taxis) . 128References . 132Chapter 05 - Some Consequences of the FutureAutomotive Trajectory5.

1. Unintended Consequences . 1355.2. Systems Thinking. 1395.3. EVs .

1405.3.1. Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Issues. 1415.3.2. National Security Issues .

1425.3.3. EV Mass Issues . 1455.4. Connected and SDVs. 1475.

4.1. Privacy . 1485.4.2. Security . 1515.

4.3. Life Cycle Concerns . 1525.5. ADAS . 1545.5.

1. Cost . 1555.5.2. Effectiveness . 157Sustainable and Affordable Mobility for All ix5.6.

AVs . 1605.6.1. Safety . 1605.6.2.

Accessibility . 1625.6.3. Congestion . 1645.6.4.

Energy Usage . 1665.6.5. Workforce and the Economy . 1695.7. Vehicle Affordability.

170References . 173Chapter 06 - A New Paradigm for Auto-Mobility6.1. The Automotive Technology Race . 1806.2. The "Inevitable" EV Transition . 1816.

3. How Have Countries with Major Automakers Responded to theRise of EVs? . 1866.4. Emerging Countries in the EV Value Chain. 1896.5. How Did Traditional Automakers "Drop the Ball"? .

1956.6. Traditional Automakers Need a New, "Sustainable" Strategy . 1986.7. Hierarchy of the New Framework . 200References . 207Chapter 07 - Rethinking Auto-Mobility7.

1. Urban Design for Mobility--the Ugly, the Bad, and the Good . 2097.2. Autonomy and Public Transport . 2207.3. MaaS .

2277.4. Removing "Friction" in a Vehicle Subscription Service . 2317.5. Goods Transport . 2367.6.

The Potential Role for City Government to Shape Future Mobility . 242References . 244Chapter 08 - Rethinking Vehicle Design andDevelopment8.1. Reducing Vehicle Energy Demand. 2488.2. Nature''s Lessons for Future Vehicle Design .

252Sustainable and Affordable Mobility for Allx8.3. Solar Power . 2568.3.1. Right-Sizing the Vehicle . 2628.

3.2. Right-Sizing the Battery . 2668.4. Car-Free and/or Low-Speed Zones . 2708.5.

The ACE Platform "Reference Design" Applied to FutureAutomobiles . 2738.6. The E-Kit as an ACE Platform for Nonmotorized Vehicles (NMVs). 279References . 290Chapter 09 - Rethinking Vehicle Materials andManufacturing9.1. A Paradigm Shift .

2939.2. The Circular Economy . 2979.3. Natural Materials . 3019.4.

Localized Production . 3059.5. Economic Benefits and Supportive Government Policies . 3149.6. An Opportunity for Automakers . 323References .

326Chapter 10 - Conclusion10.1. Rethinking the Future of the Auto Industry . 32910.2. A Vision for Integrated Mobility . 33010.