About the BookCommonly-used Acronyms and AbbreviationsGlossary and AbbreviationsList of Cited Legal InstrumentsCommonly-cited Constitutional ProvisionsStatutes and Emergency LawsOther InstrumentsList of Cited Cases Constitutional Review CasesElectoral Disputes2004 Legislative Election2009 Legislative Election2014 Legislative ElectionPresidential ElectionsPemilukada DisputesDecisions of Other Courts1 Introduction1 Structure of the Book2 Introduction to the Constitutional CourtPart I: Introduction to the Constitutional Court2 Establishment of the Constitutional Court1 The Introduction of Constitutional Courts and Judicial Review2 The Need for a Constitutional Court2.1 Concern for Human Rights3 International Influences for the Court4 Historical and Political Factors 4.1 Constitutional Debates4.2 Judicial Subjugation4.3 Ideological Competitors4.4 Structural Reforms and the Fading of Pancasila4.5 Constitutional Reform as a Political Survival Tactic5 Debates about Form and Jurisdiction6 Conclusion3 The Structure of the CourtJudges, Access, Decision-making and Enforcement1 Judicial Appointment1.1 Prerequisites1.
2 Nomination2 Dismissal of Judges2.1 Dismissal Process2.2 Arsyad Sanusi2.3 Akil Mochtar3 Access to the Constitutional Court3.1 Standing: Who Can Bring an Application Before the Court?3.2 Complaints of Damage to Constitutional Rights3.3 Political Parties, Parliamentarians and Parliaments3.4 Reviews Granted Despite Lack of Standing3.
5 Court Costs and Timing4 Decision-making of the Constitutional Court4.1 Structure of Judgments4.2 Style and Extrinsic Material4.3 Use of Precedent4.4 Dissents5 Enforcement of Constitutional Court Decisions5.1 Resistance to Enforcement5.2 Government Compliance with DecisionsPart II: Constraints on the Constitutional Court''s Decision-making and Jurisdiction4 External Constraints on the Constitutional CourtThe Constitution and the Legislature1 Constitutional Constraints1.1 Limitation of Constitutional Review to Statutes1.
2 The Court as a ''Negative Legislator''2 Legislative Latitude2.1 KPK Law Case (2003)2.2 Opened Legal Policy 2.3 Article 28J(2) and Proportionality3 Statutorily-imposed Constraints of the 2003 Constitutional Court Law3.1 Rulings on the Court''s Own Interests3.2 Article 50 cases3.3 MK Perpu Case (2014)5 Court-imposed Constraints1 Review Limited to Norms1.1 Implementation or Interpretation of Statutes1.
2 Wijaya and Lubis Case (2008)1.3 Blasphemy Law Case (2010)1.4 Retrospectivity Cases1.5 Inconsistencies in Court-imposed Constraints1.6 Sisa Suara Case (2009)1.7 KPK Commissioners Case (2011)2 Prospectivity of Decisions2.1 Lèse Majesté Case (2006)2.2 Bali Bombing Case (2003)2.
3 Death Penalty (2007) and Firing Squad (2008) Cases2.4 Discussion2.5 Exceptions3 Injunctions3.1 Criticisms of the Court-Awarded Injunctions6 Jurisdictional Expansion1 The 2011 Amendments and their Invalidation2 Structure of this Chapter3 Conditional (Un)constitutionality3.1 2011 Amendments and the Court''s Response4 Orders to Lawmakers4.1 Education Budget Cases4.2 Anti-Corruption Court Case (2007)4.3 2011 Amendments and the Court''s Response5 Ultra petita5.
1 2011 Amendments and the Court''s Response6 Legal Certainty6.1 2011 Amendments and the Court''s Response7 Government Policy8 Interim Emergency Laws (Perpu)8.1 Saor Siagian Case (2009)8.2 MK Perpu Case (2014)9 Implication of RightsPart III: Constitutional Challenges to Electoral Statutes7 Indonesian ElectionsSystems, Laws and Scope for Challenges1 Constitutional Framework2 Election-related Statutes and Regulations2.1 Statutory Evolution2.2 Explaining Multiple Challenges to Similar Norms3 DPR and DPRD Elections3.1 The List System3.2 Affirmative Action3.
3 Seat Allocation3.4 Establishment and Verification4 DPD Elections4.1 The DPD Jurisdiction Case (2012)4.2 DPD Elections5 Presidential Elections6 Pemilukada7 Customary Voting Procedures8 Election Institutions and Administration8.1 Constitutional Court Cases8 Legislative Elections1 Judicial Review of Candidacy Rules1.1 PKI Case (2003)1.2 Former Convicts1.3 Civil Servant Candidate Case (2010)1.
4 Political Rights of Police and Armed Forces2 Party Establishment and Verification3 Contesting the ''Next Election'': The Election Threshold Cases4 The Parliamentary Threshold4.1 Parliamentary Threshold Case (2009)4.2 Parliamentary Threshold and Party Verification Case (2012)9 Electoral Districts and Seat Allocation9.1 Seat Allocation9.2 Third Round Allocation Dispute (2009)10 The People versus the Parties10.1 The List Cases10.2 Affirmative Action10.3 Removal from Parliament10.
4 Other Types of Removal10.5 Suspensions9 Presidential Elections1 Judicial Review of the Presidential Electoral System1.1 Two-candidate Presidential Election Case (2014)1.2 Ethnic Minorities Case (2012)1.3 Electoral Roll Case (2009)2 Judicial Review of Candidacy2.1 Party Nomination2.2 Independent Candidates Case (2008)2.3 Subsequent Independent Candidate Cases3 Threshold for Presidential Nomination3.
1 Saurip Kadi Case (2008)3.2 Subsequent Presidential Nomination Threshold Cases4 Other Candidacy Cases4.1 Abdurrahman Wahid Case (2004)4.2 Tax Records Case (2009)5 Simultaneous Presidential and Legislative Elections5.1 Saurip Kadi Case (2008)5.2 Simultaneous Elections Case (2013)5.3 Critique and Controversy6 Future Challenges to Presidential ElectionsPart IV: Constitutional Court Returns Jurisprudence 10 Electoral Disputes before the Constitutional CourtBetween ''Mahkamah Kalkulator'' and ''Substantive Justice''1 Differing Approaches2 2004 Elections2.1 Legislative Elections2.
2 Presidential Elections3 Pemilukada (2008-2012)3.1 East Java Case (2008)3.2 Breaches in the Electoral Process that Led to Recounts or Revotes3.3 Testing the Scope of Electoral Process Breaches 4 2009 Elections4.1 Legislative Elections4.2 Presidential Elections5 2014 Elections5.1 Legislative Elections5.2 Presidential Elections6 Evidence in Electoral Disputes6.
1 East Java Case (2008)6.2 Reliance on Witness Testimony6.3 Procedural and Evidentiary Hurdles to Review7 The End of Pemilukada in the Constitutional Court11 ConclusionsBibliography.