*=New to this Edition1. INTRODUCTIONMonroe C. Beardsley and Elizabeth Lane Beardsley: What Is Philosophy?Bertrand Russell: The Value of PhilosophyHistorical SourcePlato: Defence of Socrates2. REASONINGWesley C. Salmon: The Scope of LogicStephen F. Barker: Improving Your ThinkingSteven M. Cahn: * Necessary and Sufficient ConditionsL. Susan Stebbing: * Thinking to Some PurposeScott F.
Aikin and Robert B. Talisse: * Pushover ArgumentsMorris R. Cohen and Ernest Nagel: Fixing BeliefCarl G. Hempel: Scientific InquiryGillian Barker and Philip Kitcher: * Antiscientism3. KNOWLEDGELinda Zagzebski: * Caring and Epistemic DemandsA. J. Ayer: What Is Knowledge?Edmund L. Gettier: Is Justified True Belief Knowledge?Robert Nozick: Conditions for KnowledgeBertrand Russell: Appearance and RealityD.
Z. Phillips: What Can I Know?Bertrand Russell: The Problem of InductionP. F. Strawson: Induction Without a ProblemSusan Haack: * Puzzling Out KnowledgeHistorical SourcesRene Descartes: Meditations on First PhilosophyJohn Locke: An Essay Concerning Human UnderstandingGeorge Berkeley: A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human KnowledgeDavid Hume: An Enquiry Concerning Human UnderstandingImmanuel Kant: Critique of Pure Reason4. MINDGilbert Ryle: The Ghost in the MachineRichard Taylor: Body and SoulPaul M. Churchland: * The Mind-Body ProblemThomas Nagel: What Is It Like to Be a Bat?Frank Jackson: * The Qualia ProblemDavid Lewis: Knowing What It''s LikeAlan Turing: Computing Machinery and IntelligenceJohn Searle: Do Computers Think?Barbara Montero: * The Body ProblemHistorical SourceRene Descartes: Meditations on First Philosophy5. FREE WILLThomas Nagel: Free WillW. T.
Stace: Free Will and DeterminismSteven M. Cahn: Free Will or Determinism?Harry G. Frankfurt: The Principle of Alternative PossibilitiesNeil Levy: The Capacities of AgentsHistorical SourcesDavid Hume: An Enquiry Concerning Human UnderstandingWilliam James: The Dilemma of Determinism6. GODErnest Nagel: Does God Exist?Richard Swiniburne: Why God Allows EvilEleonore Stump: * The Desires of the HeartSimon Blackburn: Pascal''s WagerLinda Zagzebski: * Assessing Pascal''s WagerMarilyn McCord Adams: * The Problem of HellMichael Scriven: Faith and ReasonRobert McKim: The Hiddenness of GodAnne Minas: * God and ForgivenessSteven M. Cahn: * God and MoralityHistorical SourcesAnselm and Gaunilo: The Ontological ArgumentThomas Aquinas: Summa TheologiaeWilliam Paley: Natural TheologyDavid Hume: Dialogues Concerning Natural ReligionBlaise Pascal: The WagerWilliam James: The Will to Believe7. IDENTITY AND IMMORTALITYBrian Smart: A Case of IdentityJohn Perry: The Problem of Personal IdentityDerek Parfit: * The Unimportance of IdentityTerence Penelhum: Life After DeathGrace M. Jantzen: Do We Need Immortality?Historical SourcesJohn Locke: An Essay Concerning Human UnderstandingDavid Hume: A Treatise of Human NatureThomas Reid: Essays on the Intellectual Powers of Man8. MORAL THEORYTom Regan: How Not to Answer Moral QuestionsMary Midgley: * Moral IsolationismCharles L.
Stevenson: * The Nature of Ethical DisagreementPhilippa Foot: * The Rationality of Moral ActionOnoro O''Neill: Kant''s EthicsLouis P. Pojman: Assessing UtilitarianismSteven M. Cahn: A Supreme Moral Principle?Bernard Mayo: Virtue EthicsVirginia Held: The Ethics of CareChristine Vitrano: Happiness and MoralityJean-Paul Sartre: ExistentialismHistorical SourcesAristotle: Nicomachean EthicsImmanuel Kant: Groundwork of the Metaphysics of MoralsJohn Stuart Mill: Utilitarianism9. MORAL PROBLEMSJudith Jarvis Thomson: A Defense of AbortionMary Anne Warren: * On the Moral and Legal Status of AbortionDon Marquis: Why Abortion Is ImmoralRosalind Hursthouse: * Virtue Theory and AbortionJames Rachels: Active and Passive EuthanasiaBonnie Steinbock: * The Intentional Termination of LifePeter Singer: Famine, Affluence, and MoralityJohn Arthur: World Hunger and Moral ObligationTom Regan: * The Case for Animal RightsCarl Cohen: * Why Animals Have No RightsMary Anne Warren: * Speaking of Animal Rights10. SOCIETYJean Hampton: * Two Concepts of CitizenshipJohn Dewey: DemocracyMartin Luther King, Jr.: Letter from a Birmingham JailSidney Hook: What Is a Liberal Education?Martha Nussbaum: * Cultivating HumanityCelia Wolf-Devine: * Proportional RepresentationKaren Hanson: * Facing Facts and ResponsibilitiesLaurence Thomas: * What Good Am I?Iris Marion Young: * Five Faces of OppressionHistorical SourcesPlato: CritoJohn Stuart Mill: On LibertyKarl Marx: Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 184411. SOCIAL JUSTICEJohn Rawls: A Theory of JusticeRobert Nozick: Distributive JusticeAmartya Sen: The Idea of JusticeVirginia Held: Non-contractual Society: A Feminist ViewHistorical SourcesPlato: The RepublicThomas Hobbes: LeviathanJohn Locke: Second Treatise of Government12. ARTMorris Weitz: The Role of Theory in AestheticsCharles L.
Stevenson: Interpreting PoetryKendall Walton: Fearing FictionsMarcia M. Eaton: * The Aesthetic Appreciation of NatureHistorical SourcesPlato: The RepublicAristotle: Poetics13. LIFE AND DEATHJudith Jarvis Thomson: * The Trolley ProblemJudith Jarvis Thomson: * Turning the TrolleyThomas Nagel: DeathShelly Kagan: * The Badness of DeathSamuel Scheffler: * The AfterlifeHarry G. Frankfurt: * How the Afterlife MattersSusan Wolf: * The Significance of DoomsdayHistorical SourcesPlato: PhaedoEpicurus: WritingsEpictetus: The Handbook14. THE MEANING OF LIFERichard Taylor: The Meaning of LifeSusan Wolf: Meaning in LifeChristine Vitrano: Meaningless Lives?Robert Nozick: * Philosophy and the Meaning of Life.