This book traces the political lives and ideas of B.R. Ambedkar and Malcolm X, and their struggles against caste and racial discrimination to present a unique East meets West subaltern history of the twentieth century. Although Ambedkar and Malcolm X came from very different backgrounds, their worldviews have many overlaps, shaped by their experiences of caste oppression, institutional violence, marginalisation and racism. This book explores their parallel ideologies and the lasting impact of their legacy on civil rights discourse and movements across the world. The volume will be of interest to researchers and scholars of race, caste and discrimination studies, history, African-American studies and South Asian studies.