*=New to this EditionPrefaceAbbreviationsCreditsPART ONE. INTRODUCTORY1. What is the Old Testament?The Jewish CanonBox 1.1 Chapter and VerseThe Christian CanonsBox 1.2 The Canons of the Hebrew Bible/Old TestamentA Look Back and Ahead2. The Promised Land: Geography, History, and ImportanceGeographyHistoryBox 2.1 TimelineBox 2.2 The Land of Israel in Jewish and Christian TraditionImportanceA Look Back and AheadPART TWO.

COSMIC ORIGINS3. Creations (Genesis 1-3 )The Book of GenesisGenesis 1 and the SabbathBox 3.1 Genesis and ScienceBox 3.2 The Sabbath in Jewish and Christian TraditionThe Second Account of CreationBox 3.3 Myth and the BibleBox 3.4 The Garden of EdenBox 3.5 "God" and "the LORD (God)"A Look Back and AheadBox 3.6 Adam and Eve in Jewish and Christian Tradition4.

The Formation of the PentateuchThe Traditional ViewThe Development of Modern InterpretationA Summary of the Documentary Hypothesis* Box 4.1 The Documentary Hypothesis at WorkThe Formation of the PentateuchChallenges to the Documentary HypothesisOther Strategies for Interpreting the PentateuchA Look Back and Ahead5. Primeval History (Genesis 4-11)J (the Yahwist Source)Box 5.1 Cain and AbelBox 5.2 Noah''s DrunkennessBox 5.3 The Sons of GodP (the Priestly Source)Box 5.4 The Tower of BabelBox 5.5 The Table of NationsBox 5.

6 EnochThe FloodA Look Back and AheadPART THREE. NATIONAL ORIGINS6. The Ancestors of Israel (Genesis 12-50)The Nature of the NarrativesSource CriticismBox 6.1 Abram and Abraham, Sarai and SarahBox 6.2 The Binding of IsaacForm CriticismBox 6.3 CircumcisionAncient Near Eastern ParallelsThe Joseph NarrativeBox 6.4 The Ugaritic TextsThe Ancestors of IsraelBox 6.5 Abraham, Father of BelieversHistory and the Ancestors of IsraelThe Religion of the AncestorsA Look Back and Ahead7.

Escape from Egypt (Exodus 1-5)The Book of ExodusExodus 1-15Box 7.1 Hebrew and HebrewsBox 7.2 Legends of RescueBox 7.3 The Divine Name YahwehBox 7.4 The Hardening of the Pharaoh''s HeartBox 7.5 The Development of the Passover CelebrationThe Exodus and HistoryThe Exodus and the History of ReligionsA Look Back and Ahead8. From Egypt to Sinai (Exodus 16-20, 24)ItinerariesIncidents on the JourneyBox 8.1 MannaBox 8.

2 The Location of SinaiAt SinaiCovenantBox 8.3 Excerpts from a Hittite Suzerainty TreatyThe Ten CommandmentsThe Ratification of the CovenantBox 8.4 The Status and Numbering of the Ten CommandmentsA Look Back and Ahead9. Law and Ritual (Exodus 20.22-23.33 and 25-40)Law in the Ancient Near EastBox 9.1 Excerpt from the Code of HammurapiThe Covenant CodeBox 9.2 "An Eye for an Eye"The Ark, the Tabernacle, and the Priestly Vestments and OrdinationThe Golden CalfBox 9.

3 "Forty Days and Forty Nights"The Ritual DecalogueBox 9.4 An Ancient Hebrew Agricultural CalendarSequelA Look Back and Ahead10. Ritual and Holiness (Leviticus)The Book of LeviticusSacrifices (Lev 1-7)The Consecration Ceremonies and Their Aftermath (Lev 8-10)Purity and Impurity (Lev 11-15)The Day of Atonement (Lev 16)The Holiness Code (Lev 17-26)Box 10.1 Anointing* A Narrative Interlude: The Case of the Blasphemer (Lev 24.10-23)Women in Israelite Ritual and LawBox 10.2 Capital PunishmentThe Ethics of LeviticusA Look Back and Ahead11. In the Wilderness (Numbers)The Book of NumbersPreparations for the JourneyLaw, Ritual, and PurityThe Chronology and Geography of the WanderingsRebellions in the WildernessBox 11.1 The Rebellions of the Israelites in Christian and Muslim ScripturesBox 11.

2 MiriamBox 11.3 The AmalekitesOpposition on the JourneyBox 11.4 Excerpt from the Deir Alla TextsPreparations for the Entry into the LandA Look Back and Ahead12. The End of the Journey to the Promised Land (Deuteronomy)The Book of DeuteronomyBox 12.1 The ShemaThe Origins of DeuteronomyThe Deuteronomic SchoolBox 12.2 Parallel Curses in the Treaties of Esar-haddon and in DeuteronomyMoses in the PentateuchBox 12.3 The Meanings of "Torah"A Look Back and Ahead13. Joshua and the Conquest of the Land of Canaan (Joshua)The Deuteronomistic HistoryThe Book of JoshuaBox 13.

1 Parallels Between Deuteronomy 27 and Joshua 8Box 13.2 Shechem in Biblical TraditionBox 13.3 Circumcision a Second Time?A Look Back and Ahead14. The Emergence of Israel in the Land of Canaan (Judges and Ruth)The Book of JudgesBox 14.1 The Judges of Israel in the Book of JudgesBox 14.2 The Moabites and the AmmonitesBox 14.3 The Song of DeborahBox 14.4 The PhilistinesHistory and the Israelite ConfederationThe Book of RuthA Look Back and AheadPART FOUR.

KINGS AND PROPHETS15. The Establishment of the Monarchy (1 Samuel)The Book(s) of Samuel1 SamuelBox 15.1 Samuel in Other TraditionsBox 15.2 Positive Assessments of SaulA Look Back and Ahead16. The Reign of David (2 Samuel, 1 Kings 1-2, and Psalm 132)2 SamuelBox 16.1 David''s CompositionsBox 16.2 JerusalemA Look Back and AheadBox 16.3 Psalm 13217.

The Reign of Solomon (1 Kings 1-11 and Psalm 89)The Book(s) of Kings1 Kings 1-11Box 17.1 Solomon in Later TraditionBox 17.2 The Royal PsalmsThe Ideology of the Davidic MonarchyBox 17.3 The Psalms of ZionBox 17.4 The Royal Ideology in Later TraditionsA Look Back and Ahead18. The Divided Kingdoms of Israel and Judah from the Late Tenth to the Early Eighth Centuries BCE (1 Kings 12-2 Kings 14)HistoryBox 18.1 Chronology of the Kings of Israel and Judah Late Tenth to Mid-eighth Centuries BCEInstitutions and SocietyProphets and Prophecy* Box 18.2 An Ancient Mesopotamian ProphecyBox 18.

3 Prophets in Later TraditionsThe Legends of Elijah and ElishaBox 18.4 Elijah in Later TraditionsA Look Back and Ahead19. The Northern Kingdom of Israel in the Eighth Century BCE (2 Kings 14-17, Amos, and Hosea)HistoryBox 19.1 Chronology of the Eighth Century BCEProphetic Books and "Classical" ProphecyThe Book of AmosBox 19.2 The Day of the LordThe Book of HoseaBox 19.3 Prophetic Attacks on RitualsBox 19.4 Marriage in Ancient IsraelBox 19.5 God as Parent: Father or Mother?A Look Back and Ahead20.

The Kingdom of Judah in the Eighth and Early Seventh Centuries BCE (2 Kings 15-20, 2 Chronicles 29-32, Isaiah 1-39, and Micah)HistoryBox 20.1 Chronology of the Eighth and Seventh Centuries BCEThe Book of IsaiahBox 20.2 Isaiah in Later TraditionsThe Siege of Jerusalem in 734 BCEBox 20.3 The Identification of ImmanuelThe Assyrian Invasion of Judah in 701 BCEBox 20.4 Sennacherib''s Third Campaign (701 BCE) According to the Assyrian AnnalsThe Book of MicahBox 20.5 Hezekiah''s TunnelBox 20.6 The King From BethlehemA Look Back and Ahead21. Judah in the Seventh Century BCE: The End of Assyrian Domination (2 Kings 21-23, 2 Chronicles 33-35, Zephaniah, Nahum, and the Prayer of Manasseh)HistoryBox 21.

1 Chronology of the Seventh Century BCEThe Reign of ManassehBox 21.2 Ashurbanipal''s LibraryThe Reign of JosiahBox 21.3 Megiddo and ArmageddonThe Book of ZephaniahThe Book of NahumA Look Back and Ahead22. The Fall of Jerusalem (2 Kings 23.31-25.30, 2 Chronicles 36, Habakkuk, Jeremiah, and the Letter of Jeremiah)HistoryBox 22.1 Chronology of the Late Seventh and Early Sixth Centuries BCEBox 22.2 Throne Names of Kings of JudahThe Book of HabakkukThe Book of Jeremiah* Box 22.

3 Jeremiah and the Lost ArkBox 22.4 Parallels Between Psalms and Jeremiah''s ConfessionsBox 22.5 Jeremiah and the History of BookmakingA Look Back and AheadPART FIVE. EXILE AND RETURN23. After the Fall: Jews in Judah and Babylon (Lamentations, Psalm 137, Obadiah, and Ezekiel)HistoryThe Book of LamentationsBox 23.1 Acrostic PoemsThe Jews in BabyloniaBox 23.2 Nebuchadrezzar''s WondersPsalm 137The Book of ObadiahThe Book of EzekielBox 23.3 Yahweh as a Violent HusbandBox 23.

4 Leadership in the Restored CommunityBox 23.5 Gog of MagogA Look Back and Ahead24. Return From Exile (Ezra 1-2 and Isaiah 34-35 and 40-55)HistoryBox 24.1 Chronology of the Sixth Century BCEThe Priestly Source of the PentateuchThe Exilic Edition of the Deuteronomistic HistoryIsaiah 40- 55Box 24.2 The Development of MonotheismBox 24.3 Female Images of GodA Look Back and AheadPART SIX. RECONSTRUCTION AND CONSOLIDATION25. The Early Restoration (Ezra 3-6, 1 Esdras, Haggai, Zechariah 1-8, and Isaiah 56-66)History* Box 25.

1 Chronology of the Late Sixth Century BCEEzra 3-6Box 25.2 AramaicBox 25.3 The Books of EsdrasThe Book of HaggaiZechariah 1-8Isaiah 56-66A Look Back and Ahead26. Judah in the Fifth Century BCE (Ezra 7-10, Nehemiah, Isaiah 24-27, Zechariah 9-14, Joel, Malachi, and 2 Esdras)HistoryThe Book(s) of Ezra and NehemiahBox 26.1 Chronology of the Late Sixth to the Late Fourth Centuries BCEBox 26.2 The Elephantine PapyriApocalyptic LiteratureThe "Isaiah Apocalypse" (Isa 24- 27)Zechariah 9-14The Book of JoelThe Book of MalachiBox 26.3 Second EsdrasA Look Back and Ahead27. Traditions Rewritten and Consolidated (1-2 Chronicles, Psalms, and Proverbs)The Books of ChroniclesBox 27.

1 Samaria and the SamaritansBox 27.2 The Arrangement of the Genealogies of the Sons of Jacob (The Tribes of Israel) in ChroniclesBox 27.3 Comparison of 2 Samuel 24.1-9 and 1 Chronicles 21.1-7The Book of PsalmsBox 27.4 ParallelismBox 27.5 The Forms of the PsalmsMusic in Ancient IsraelWisdom LiteratureBox 27.7 Ahiqar and ProverbsThe Book of ProverbsA Look Back and AheadPART SEVEN.

CONTROVERSY AND CHALLENGE28. Dissidents and Lovers (Job, Ecclesiastes, and the Song of Solomon)The Book of JobBox 28.1 The SatanBox 28.2 "I Know That My Redeemer Liveth"Box 28.3 Behemoth and LeviathanBox 28.4 Job''s Wife and DaughtersBox 28.5 Job in Later TraditionsThe Book of EcclesiastesThe Development of Beliefs in Life after Death in Ancient IsraelThe Song of SolomonA Look Back and Ahead29. Encounters with the Greeks (1-2 Maccabees, Baruch, Sirach, the Wisdom of Solomon, and 4 Maccabees)HistoryBox 29.

1 Rulers of Persia and Greece (Sixth to Fourth Centuries BCE)Box 29.2 Rulers of Egypt and Syria (Third to Second Centuries BCE)* Box 29.3 Chronology of High Priests in Jerusalem and of the Maccabees (Hasmoneans)Box 29.4 The Dead Sea Scrolls1 MaccabeesBox 29.5 Hanukkah2 MaccabeesThe Book of BaruchThe Wisdom of Jesus, Son of Sirach (also known.