Preface Acknowledgments Part I: 1750-1763 1. Three Astounding Proclamations: Class Division, Pressure from the State, and a Rift in the Rabbinical Elite 2. The Specter: Earthquake, the Horror of War, and Patriotism 3. The Pursuit of Honor and the Masked Ball: Azulai and Geldern Wander About in Europe and the East 4. Get Out, Jews! Tests for Tolerance between London, Zhitomir, Yampol, and Rome 5. Blood for Blood: The Frankist Scandal and the Subversiveness of Religious Awakening 6. Intimate Life: Bodily Ailments, Quarrels, Crime, and Emigration 7. "We Are All Citizens of the World": The Jewish Question in the Age of the Philosophes Part II: 1764-1780 8.

"The Great Change": The Crisis in Poland, Awareness of Progress and Humanistic Sentiment 9. "They Made My Flesh and Blood Fair Prey": Tolerance and Fissures in the Walls of Society 10. 1772: A Year That Challenged the Old Order 11. "Let Every Man Do as He Pleases": The Winds of Revolt 12. Curing the "Malady of My Nation": Days of Individualism and Reform Part III: 1781-1800 13. "Great Thoughts Bubble Up and Awaken": The Tangle of the Years 1781-1782 14. The Eve of Revolution: "The Happiest Period" or "The Great Confusion"? 15. From the Boxing Ring to the Halls of Parliament: Confrontations and Initiatives for Regeneration and Citizenship 16.

"A Generation of Upheavals": Euphoria, Terror, and the Rebellion of the Young in the 1790s 17. The Future of the Jews: A New Politics, a Religion in Dispute, and Freedom of the Individual 18. The Three Last Years: "We Have Reason to Congratulate Ourselves, That We Were Born in This Enlightened Period" Conclusion: "No More Fear, No Shame . I Live in Peace with Everything around Me" Index.