"This is a groundbreaking study of female characterization in the nine novels of Joaquim Maria de Machado de Assis (1839-1908), Brazil's most prominent writer. Machado (as he is called in Brazil) is known for his memorable and strong female characters (Lívia, Guiomar, Helena, Iaiá, Virgília, Sofia, Capitu, Flora e Fidélia). Fitz provides background in a chapter on women as characters in 19th-century Brazilian fiction preceding Machado. Viewing the development of female characterization in the five late novels through feminist and post-structuralist viewpoints, Fitz reevaluates the presence and purpose of Machadean heroines, who embody ambiguity in language and symbolic forms that destabilize the social system. Female characters present important alternative viewpoints on value systems and structures of governance, suggesting a necessary radical revision of societal relationships. Summing Up: Essential. Upper-division undergraduates through faculty." -- Choice Reviews "With Machado de Assis and Female Characterization, Earl Fitz makes an important contribution to the bibliography on Machado de Assis currently available in English, especially when it comes to studies of his fiction that privilege the analysis of gender roles.

Consistent studies of this kind are not abundant in Portuguese, and in English are virtually non-existent. It is a book full of delicate, sophisticated, intertextually nuanced close readings, and it shows a novelist, if not committed to building a new place for women in society, at least very conscious, and critical, of the old one." -- Luso-Brazilian Review.