Preface RAMANUJA CA RYA AND THE TANTRARAHASYA 1. Author and Text 1.1. Ramanujacarya 1.2. The Tantrarahasya 1.3. Quotations in the Tantrarahasya 1.

4. Sources 1.5. Structure of TR IV ANALYSIS OF THE CONTENT OF TR IV 2. Exhortation 2.1. Bhavana and Vidhi According to the Bhattas 2.2.

Bhatta Theories on Exhortative Expressions in TR IV3. Exhortation and Duty 3.1. Prabhakara Theories on Exhortative Expressions in TR IV 3.2. The Sacred Texts'' Loop (TR IV 9.1) 3.3.

A Possible Way Out (TR IV 9.2) 3.4. Reaching Duty through Metaphor (TR IV 9.3-TR IV 9.3.2; TR IV 9.4-TR IV 9.

5.1; TR IV 9.11) 3.5. Actions and Duty 3.6. An Unprecedented Duty Does Not Have to Be Grasped (TR IV 9.10-TR IV 9.

10.4) 3.7. Reasons to Act (TR IV 9.12-TR IV 9.15) 3.8. Epistemological Conclusions of §2 and §34.

Hermeneutics of Sacrifice 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Ritual Auxiliaries 4.3. Archetypes and Ectypes (TR IV 6-TR IV 7) 4.4.

Bhatta Hermeneutics in TR IV 4.5. Prabhakara Hermeneutics in TR IV5. Prescriptions and Apurva 5.1. Prescriptions According to the Bhattas (TR IV 5) 5.2. Apurva as the Centre of the Veda6.

Desire and Contrary-to-Duty Obligations 6.1. Desire (TR IV 10.2-TR IV 10.11) 6.2. The Syena Sacrifice (TR IV 3.16.

1, TR IV 4.3.3, TR IV 11.3.1.1) 6.3. Syena according to Deontic Logic (TR IV 11.

3.1)7. Grammar and Exegesis 7.1. Karakas as Functions (TR IV 3.13.2, TR IV 11.7.

1) 7.2. Linguistic Implications of TR Hermeneutics (and Vice Versa) INTRODUCTION TO THE CRITICAL EDITION OF TR IV 8. Methodology and Introductory Remarks 8.1. Tantrarahasyasiksa 2177 Mysore 8.2. History of M and Dating 8.

3. Evaluation of the Witnesses and an Attempt of a Stemma Codicum 8.4. Critical Edition ANNOTATED TEXT OF THE ´SA¯ STRAPRAMEYAPARICCHEDA , TOGETHER WITH ITS SOURCES. ANNOTATED TRANSLATION 1. mangala 2. siddhanta on karya as the Core of Prescriptions 3. PP: The Linguistic bhavana is the Core of Prescriptions 3.

1. Ma ndana: A Prescription Expresses the Means for Realising What Is Desired 3.2. Parthasarathi Misra against TR IV 3.1 3.3. Other Bhattas: The Notion That the Action to Be Undertaken Is an Instrument to a Desired End might Be Implicit 3.4.

PP (Ritualists): The Prescription Is Tantamount to the Optative and Similar Suffixes 3.5. UP: Then Everyone Would Act! If There Are Further Conditions, the Thesis Has already Been Refuted 3.6. Kumarila on Linguistic bhavana and Objective bhavana (vs. TR IV 3.1.1) 3.

7. S against TR IV 3.6 3.8. Kumarila: Optative and Similar Suffixes Express Two bhavanas (as above TR IV 3.6; vs. TR IV 3.7) 3.

9. S: Verbal Suffixes Do not Express the bhavana , but just the Agent''s Number 3.10. S: Optative and Similar Suffixes Express the Notion that Something Must Be Done and, therefore, also the bhavana 3.11. PP /ekadesin against TR IV 3.10: The bhavana could Be Understood as a Specification of What Must Be Done 3.12.

Further Arguments of the S about Duty Implying an E_fort and not the Opposite 3.13. Other Bhattas: The Prescription is the Function of the Optative and Similar Suffixes, and It Is a Cognition 3.14. Bhatta Continuing TR IV 3.13 3.15. Parthasarathi Misra vs.

TR IV 3.14: The Function of Optative and Similar Suffixes Cannot Incite 3.16. Bhatta Adjusting TR IV 3.13 According to TR IV 3.15 3.17. ( Siddhanta among Bhattas) Parthasarathi: Incitement Can Be of Four Kinds.

It Is Surely of the Fourth Type in the Veda, as this is Authorless4. Connections of Elements to the Principal Prescription (According to Parthasarathi Misra) 4.1. Connection of Semantemes within the Prescriptive Sentence 4.2. Connection of Other Sentences to the Main Sentence 4.3. Means of Knowledge for Ascertaining the Connection of the bhavana , of What Must Be Realised, of the Instrument, and of the Procedure in Archetypes5.

Kinds of Prescriptions 5.1. Originative Prescription and Its Inner Partition (Prescription about the Unprecedented and Restrictive Prescription) 5.2. Application Prescription 5.3. Prescription regarding the Responsibility 5.4.

Promoting Prescription 5.5. Interactions among Prescriptions6. Accomplishing the Prescription in Archetypes 6.1. Accomplishing the Prescription in Ectypes 6.2. Differences between Archetype and Ectype for Accomplishing the Prescription: Principles of Analogical Extension 6.

3. Modifucation7. Summary of the Bhatta Position 7.1. Summary of TR IV 4-TR IV 6 7.2. Summary of the siddhanta of TR IV 38. Siddhanta 8.

1. Siddhanta against TR IV 7.1 8.2. Siddhanta against TR IV 3.17 8.3. Siddhanta as in TR IV 29.

Is the apurva Denoted by Exhortative Endings? 9.1. PP against TR IV 8.3: What Must Be Done Cannot Be Unprecedented, because Then One would not Comprehend Its Meaning 9.2. Something to Be Done Can instead Be Expressed as an Action by the Verbal Root, while the Optative Endings only Express the Number (see supra TR IV 3.9-TR IV 3.10) 9.

3. S against the TR IV 9.2: The Optative ( lin ) and the Other Suffixes Surely Denote Something to Be Done. This Is Totally New ( apurva ), because It Can Be Connected with "The One Who Is Desirous of Heaven" and Similar Words (Indicating an Enjoined Person) (and Heaven Can Only Be Brought about by Something Exceeding Our Normal Experience, see TR IV 9.3.2) 9.4. PP: Let It Be That the Vedic Injunctions Express the Action as Something to Be Done 9.

5. S against TR IV 9.1: It Is Possible to Understand a Transcendent Thing to Be Done because One already Knows the Words Expressing It as Bearing the Meaning of an Action to Be Done, and the Syntactical Closeness to the Enjoined Person Specifies Them (the Words) 9.6. PP (Prabhakara): One Can Learn the Meaning also with regard to a Transcendent Thing to Be Done 9.7. S vs. TR IV 9.

6: Only an Action Can Be Directly Understood, not a Transcendent Thing to Be Done 9.8. PP (See TR IV 9.4.8): The Action Is Principal; That It Must Be Done Is Known through Indirect Signification 9.9. S vs.TR IV 9.

8: No, There Cannot Be Indirect Signification with regard to What Is Unprecedented 9.10. PP (Mandana), See TR IV 3.1, TR IV 9.4.8 9.11. Summary of TR IV 9.

9-TR IV 9.10: In Ordinary Experience, the Optative and Similar Suffixes Designate the Action and, through Inference, What Must Be Do≠ in the Veda, They Denote What Must Be Done as Shown by the Contiguity to Well-Known Words (See TR IV 9.5.1) 9.12. PP vs. TR IV 9.11: One Acts because of Will (See supra , TR IV 3.

8) 9.13. S vs. TR IV 9.12 9.14. PP: The Optative and Other Suffixes Designate Impulsion, Request and Consent, not What Must Be Done 9.15.

S vs. TR IV 9.14: Impulsion, etc., Merely Depend on Speaker and Hearer10. Connection of the Result 10.1. PP: In Optional Rituals the Result Is the Principal Element 10.2.

S vs. TR IV 10.1: The Result Is a Specification of the Enjoined Person 10.3. The Real Thing to Be Brought about Is Just the Non-Precedented [Thing to Be Done] 10.4. Succession of Desirous, Enjoined, Responsible, Agent 10.5.

What Happens if the Enjoined Person Is not Specified by a Result? 10.6. PP: If a Result Is Needed as a Specification of the Enjoined Person, why Do Fixed and Occasional Rituals and Prohibitions not Have a Result? 10.7. S vs. TR IV 10.6: Indeed, the Enjoined Person is Specified even in Fixed and Occasional Rituals 10.8.

PP/Naiyayika: What Is Known through the Veda is Contradicted by Inference! 10.9. S vs. TR IV 10.8: No Inference Can Occur with regard to Something That Is Known through the Veda 10.10. PP: What Happens if Certain People, despite Being Endowed with Ritual Responsibility, Do not Act? 10.11.

Non-Performing Dharma, Which Is a Human Aim, Is in Itself Something not Desired11. Connection of the Other Elements to the apurva 11.1. Connection vs. TR IV 4.2 11.2. Aspects of the Non-Precedented Thing to Be Done, vs.

TR IV 5 11.3. The Promoter Role of the Non-Precedented Duty 11.4. Promoting Power of Supreme and Intermediate apurvas 11.5. The Relation with the Enjoined Person Pertains to the Promoting apurva 11.6.

The Connection of apurva and Content is Inevitable 11.7. Connection of the Meaning of the Verbal Ro.