Preface Acknowledgments About the Author Chapter 1: Everything You Wanted to Know about Classroom Assessment (but didn''t know to ask) How Chapter 1 Fits in Our Instructional Strategy Classroom Assessment Then and Now Choose Your Own Path Fair and Just Validity And Reliability Looking Back in This Chapter Listening to Teachers Questions with No Wrong Answers Key Terms in this Chapter Chapter 2: Choose Your Own Path: Who are you? How Chapter 2 Fits in Our Instructional Strategy Defining Your Assessment Philosophy Bloom''s Taxonomy Social Justice and Equity Universal Design or Accommodations (or Both?) Looking Back in This Chapter Listening to Teachers Questions with No Wrong Answers Key Terms in this Chapter Chapter 3: Working Backwards: Connecting Learning Objectives and Assessment How Chapter 3 Fits in Our Instructional Strategy The System Bloom''s Taxonomy Learning Objectives Backward Design Choose Your Own Path Fair and Just Looking Back in This Chapter Listening to Teachers Questions with No Wrong Answers Key Terms in this Chapter Chapter 4: The Power of Formative Assessment: Feedback that Increases Learning How Chapter 4 Fits in Our Instructional Strategy Formative Assessment Choose Your Own Path Formative Assessment is Different from the Other Guys How to Do It What Informal Formative Assessment Looks Like in the Classroom What Formal Formative Assessment Looks Like in the Classroom Formative Assessment Land Fair and Just Assessing the Assessment Looking Back in This Chapter Listening to Teachers Questions with No Wrong Answers Key Terms in this Chapter Chapter 5: Choosing the Right Answer: Multiple-Choice Questions and Stuff Like That How Chapter 5 Fits in Our Instructional Strategy Following Tradition No Judgment Here Item Formats Analyzing Multiple-Choice Items Table of Specifications Choose Your Own Path Fair and Just Assessing the Assessment Looking Back in This Chapter Listening to Teachers Questions with No Wrong Answers Key Terms in this Chapter Chapter 6: Building the Right Answer Constructed-Response Items How Chapter 6 Fits in Our Instructional Strategy Building an Answer What Constructed-Response Items Look Like Essay Tests and Writing Assignments Choose Your Own Path Rubrics How to Make a Rubric Fair and Just Looking Back in This Chapter Listening to Teachers Questions with No Wrong Answers Key Terms in this Chapter Chapter 7: Performance-Based Assessment What Can Your Students Do? How Chapter 7 Fits in Our Instructional Strategy Assessing Ability What is Performance-Based Assessment? How and When to Use Performance Assessment Choose Your Own Path Fair and Just Portfolios What Performance-Based Assessment Looks Like in the Classroom Assessing the Assessment Looking Back in This Chapter Listening to Teachers Questions with No Wrong Answers Key Terms in this Chapter Chapter 8: Authentic Assessment Keeping it Real How Chapter 8 Fits in Our Instructional Strategy In Search of "Authentic" Assessment What Authentic Assessment Looks Like in the Classroom Choose Your Own Path Fair and Just Assessing the Assessment Looking Back in This Chapter Listening to Teachers Questions with No Wrong Answers Key Terms in this Chapter Chapter 9: One for All and All for One: Universal Design How Chapter 9 Fits in Our Instructional Strategy One Test that Works for All A Brief History of Accessibility Designing Universal Design Accommodations and Alternate Assessments Fair and Just Choose Your Own Path Writing Universally Designed Tests The Nuts-and-Bolts and the Nitty-Gritty Assessing the Assessment Looking Back in this Chapter Listening to Teachers Questions with No Wrong Answers Key Terms in this Chapter Chapter 10: Classroom Assessment Online and Onscreen How Chapter 10 Fits in Our Instructional Strategy Online Assessment First, the Bad News But, Now the Good News! How to Think about Online Assessment There''s an App for That Item Analysis Online Fancy Item Types Fair and Just Technology and Authentic Assessment Choose Your Own Path Looking Back in this Chapter Listening to Teachers Questions with No Wrong Answers Key Terms in this Chapter Chapter 11: Keeping Score Math and Stuff How Chapter 11 Fits in Our Instructional Strategy Creating Scores Descriptive Statistics What''s Normal Anyway? Working with Real Data in the Classroom Choose Your Own Path Fair and Just Looking Back in This Chapter Questions with No Wrong Answers Key Terms in this Chapter Chapter 12: Making the Grade How Chapter 12 Fits in Our Instructional Strategy Philosophies of Grading Choose Your Own Path Validity and Reliability of Grading Standards-Based Grading Grading and the Different Approaches to Assessment Talking with Parents Fair and Just Grading Plans Looking Back in This Chapter Questions with No Wrong Answers Key Terms in this Chapter Chapter 13: Standardized Tests How Chapter 13 Fits in Our Instructional Strategy Standardized Tests How Standardized Tests Are Built Validity and Reliability of Standardized Tests Interpreting Standardized Test Scores Talking to Parents about Standardized Test Scores Statewide Standardized Tests Ethics of Preparing Students for Standardized Tests Fair and Just Looking Back in This Chapter Questions with No Wrong Answers Key Terms in this Chapter.