Section I. Trauma 1. Spinal cord injury Kathleen Fink and Mark Mikhael 2. Spontaneous Epidural hematoma Mauricio Castillo, Francisco Chiang, and Mark Mikhael 3. Burst fracture Cornelia Wenokor, Gary Shapiro, and Daniel Park 4. Vertebral Compression Fractures and Vertebra Plana Pedro Lourenco, Manraj K.S. Heran, and Mark Mikhael 5.
Dens fracture Kate Lee 6. Hangman fracture Bruce Lehnert, Brad Currier, and Arjun Sebastian 7. Jumped facets Bruce Lehnert, Brad Currier, and Emily Nguyen 8. Chance fracture Bruce Lehnert, Ahmad Nassr, and Yazeed Gussous 9. Hyperextension injury Kate Lee 10. Hyperflexion injury Bruce Lehnert 11. Occipital Condyle Fracture Francesco D''Amore, Chia-Shang J. Liu, and Mark S.
Shiroishi 12. Craniocervical dissociation Bruce Lehnert 13. Jefferson Fracture Keith Cauley and Christopher Filippi Section II. Tumors 14. Meningioma Nima Jadidi and Sylvie Destian 15. Schwannoma Nima Jadidi and Sylvie Destian 16. Metastases Martin Arrigan, Manraj Kanwal Singh Heran, and Paul Celestre 17. Multiple myeloma Bita Ameri and Shivani Gupta 18.
Chordoma Richard Silbergleit and Anant Krishnan 19. Aneurysmal bone cyst Cornelia Wenokor 20. Lymphoma Nima Jadidi and Sylvie Destian 21. Osteoblastoma Justin Morris Honce 22. Primary Osteosarcoma Joseph Boonsiri, Cynthia A. Britton, and Vikas Agarwal 23. Spinal Ependymoma Nima Jadidi and Sylvie Destian 24. Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma Justin Morris Honce 25.
Lipoma Freddie Swain 26. Paraganglioma Anant Krishnan and Richard Silbergleit 27. Hemangioblastoma Keith Cauley and Christopher Filippi 28. Ganglioglioma Justin Morris Honce 29. Myxopapillary Ependyoma Justin Morris Honce 30. Spinal angiolipoma David Rodriguez, Camilo G. Borrero, and Vikas Agarwal 31. Lipomyelomeningocele Ismail Tawakol Ali, Shamir Rai, Savvas Nicolaou, Shivani Gupta, and Dan Sciubba 32.
Spinal Subependymoma Rakesh Mannava, Joseph M. Mettenburg, Vikas Agarwal, and Dan Sciubba Section III. Degenerative Conditions and Arthropathies 33. Ankylosing Spondylitis Malisa Lester, Michelle Naidich, Ismail Tawakol Ali, and Savvas Nicolau 34. Disc Herniation, Degenerative Disc Disease, and Modic Changes Malisa Lester and Michelle Naidich 35. Baastrup''s disease Malisa Lester, Michelle Naidich, and Mark Mikhael 36. Pars Defects Cornelia Wenokor, Remi M. Ajiboye, and Arya N.
Shamie 37. Cord Compression Malisa Lester, Michelle Naidich, and Mark Mikhael 38. Synovial Cyst Malisa Lester, Michelle Naidich, and Mark Mikhael Section IV. Infections and Inflammatory 39. HIV Associated Myelopathy Rakesh Mannava, Joseph M. Mettenburg, and Vikas Agarwal 40. Pott''s Disease Nima Jadidi and Sylvie Destian 41. Discitis/osteomyelitis Nima Jadidi and Sylvie Destian 42.
Spinal Epidural Abscess Sara E. Kingston, Chia-Shang Liu, Bavrina Bigjahan, and Mark S. Shiroishi 43. Arachnoiditis Daniel S. Treister, Anandh Rajamohan, Daniel Helmy, and Mark S. Shiroishi 44. Transverse myelitis Kathleen Fink and Philip Dougherty 45. Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis of the Spine Manraj Kanwal Singh Heran 46.
Cauda Equina Syndrome Quynh Nguyen and Nupur Verma Section V. Metabolic and Demyelinating 47. Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Spinal Cord Anant Krishnan and Richard Silbergleit 48. Multiple Sclerosis Megha Nayyar, Lakshmanan Sivasundaram, Alexander Lerner, and Mark S. Shiroishi 49. Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH) Kate Lee 50. Paget Disease David Rodriguez and Vikas Agarwal 51. Hurler Syndrome/Mucopolysaccharidoses Type I Shamir Rai, Ismail Tawakol Ali, and Savvas Nicolaou 52.
Renal osteodystrophy and secondary hyperparathyroidism Kate Lee 53. Osteoporosis Manpreet Bajwa, Shivani Gupta, Ismail Tawakol Ali, and Savvas Nicolaou 54. Neuromyelitis Optica Justin Morris Honce Section VI. Congenital and Genetic Conditions 55. Caudal Regression Syndrome Daniel Varon and Mauricio Castillo 56. Chiari I Malformation Nima Jadidi and Sylvie Destian 57. Myelomeningocele Ernst Garcon 58. Achondroplasia Freddie R.
Swain 59. Scoliosis Freddie R. Swain and Gary Shapiro 60. Diastematomyelia Justin Morris Honce 61. Sacral agenesis Ernst Garcon 62. Neurofibromatosis Mauricio Castillo and Gustavo A. Tedesqui 63. Spinal Involvement in Tuberous Sclerosis Shamir Rai, Ismail Tawakol Ali, Savvas Nicolaou 64.
Osteogenesis Imperfecta Bita Ameri and Shivani Gupta 65. Osteopetrosis Manpreet Bajwa and Shivani Gupta Section VII. Vascular 66. Spinal cord infarction Kathleen Fink and Safia Cheeney 67. Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Martin Arrigan and Manraj Kanwal Singh Heran 68. Extramedullary Hematopoeisis Richard Silbergleit, Anant Krishnan, and Dan Sciubba Section VIII. Miscellaneous 69. Hirayama Disease Richard Silbergleit and Anant Krishnan 70.
Neurosarcoidosis of the Spine Anant Krishnan and Richard Silbergleit 71. Basilar Invagination Jaysson Brooks, Brian Neuman, Cornelia Wenokor, and A. Jay Khanna 72. Cervical rib Freddie Swain 73. Dural Ectasia David Rodriguez, Tao Ouyang, and Vikas Agarwal 74. Epidural lipomatosis Nima Jadidi and Sylvie Destian 75. Limbus Vertebra Kathleen Fink and Brandon Perry 76. Kümmel Disease Kate Lee 77.
Os odontoideum Kathleen Fink and Brandon Perry 78. Scheuermann Disease Bita Ameri and Shivani Gupta 79. Ossified Posterior Longitudinal Ligament (OPLL) Kate Lee, Ahmad Nassr, and Daniel Park 80. Spinal Instrumentation Failure Cornelia Wenokor and Mark Mikhael Section IX. Signs in Radiology 81. Rugger Jersey Sign Eric Friedberg and Paul Harkey 82. Bamboo Spine Eric Friedberg and Paul Harkey 83. "Bone in a Bone" Appearance Kate Lee 84.
Scotty Dog Sign Keith Cauley and Christopher Filippi 85. Polka Dot Sign Jaspreet Bajwa and Shivani Gupta 86. Winking Owl Sign Bita Ameri and Shivani Gupta 87. Ivory Vertebra Sign Eric Friedberg and Paul Harkey 88. Empty Thecal Sac Sign Kathleen Fink and Philip Dougherty 89. Naked Facet Sign Shamir Rai, Ismail Tawakol Ali, Savvas Nicolaou.