ESSENTIALS OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND ENTOMOLOGY History of Medical Entomology and Public Health Introduction and Background Medical Entomology versus Public Health Entomology Historical Aspects of Medical Entomology Malaria in Mississippi as an Example of Historic Public Health Entomology Regional Differences/Patterns of Outbreaks Factors Contributing to Malaria in Mississippi Pesticides and Entomologists in the Fight against Malaria In Mississippi Early Beginnings of Public Health Public Health in General The Ten Essential Public Health Services Public Health Administration Health Laws and Regulations Prosecution Issues Pest Control in Modern Public Health The Role of Pesticides in Public Health Pesticide Laws and Registration History and Current Status of Pesticides Lack of Pesticides: A Cause for Future Concern Setting Up a Public Health Entomology Program Structure, Organization, and Classification Issues Clarification of the Public Health Entomologist''s Role Private versus Public Pest Problems Duties of the Public Health Entomologist Providing Entomology Training Medical Student and Laboratory Technician Training Sanitarian or Environmental Health Specialist Training Vector-Borne Disease Surveillance Overview of Surveillance Types Sentinel Birds Wild Bird Surveillance Surveillance Using Nonhuman Mammals Human Case Surveillance Mosquito Surveillance The Purpose and Practice of Mosquito Surveillance Mosquito Surveillance Networks Mosquito Egg Surveys Larval Surveys Adult Surveys Landing Counts Daytime Resting Stations Light Traps Oviposition or Gravid Traps Preserving Adult Mosquitoes Habitat Mapping and Record Keeping Regulatory and political challenges Helper versus Enforcer Pests and Nuisances Enabling Legislation When Politics Interferes with Public Health Antivaccination and Antipesticide Fears Using Politics to Avoid Enforcement Public Health Entomology Preparedness Disease Emergence Prevention of Human Risks Associated with Travel and Arthropod Contact Disaster Vector Control Pests Involved Pest Control Options Military Aerial Spraying Capability How the Military Spray System Works The Air Force Response to Hurricane Katrina The Mississippi Department of Health Katrina Experience Operational Research Opportunities in Public Health Entomology Background and Purpose of Research in Public Health Entomology Types of Research Funding Sources and Examples of State Labs Collaborative Research Where to Go for Help State or Local Health Departments Universities The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention The World Health Organization SOME OF THE PRIMARY PESTS AND CONDITIONS OF PUBLIC HEALTH IMPORTANCE Mosquitoes Importance and Physical Description Distribution Impact on Human Health Ticks Importance and Physical Description Distribution Impact on Human Health Fleas Importance and Physical Description Distribution Impact on Human Health Lice Importance and Physical Description Distribution Impact on Human Health Sand Flies Importance and Physical Description Distribution Impact on Human Health Tsetse Flies Importance and Physical Description Distribution Impact on Human Health Black Flies Importance and Physical Description Distribution Impact on Human Health Bed Bugs Importance and Physical Description Distribution Impact on Human Health Kissing Bugs Importance and Physical Description Distribution Impact on Human Health Mites Importance and Physical Description Chiggers Other Biting Mites House Dust Mites Distribution Chiggers Other Biting Mites House Dust Mites Impact on Human Health Chiggers Other Biting Mites House Dust Mites Pests Involved in Mechanical Disease Transmission Background and Medical Significance Filth Flies Rodents Cockroaches Prevention, Treatment, and Control Arthropod Bites or Stings Introduction and Medical Significance Pathogenesis Bite Apparatus Sting Apparatus Direct Damage to Tissue Infectious Complications Clues to Recognizing Insect Bites or Stings Differential Diagnosis Conclusions Fly Larvae in Humans (Myiasis) Introduction and Medical Significance Accidental Myiasis Facultative Myiasis Obligate Myiasis Contributing Factors Accidental Myiasis Facultative Myiasis Obligate Myiasis Myiasis in Clinical Practice Differential Diagnosis Prevention, Treatment, and Control INDEX ent Status of Pesticides Lack of Pesticides: A Cause for Future Concern Setting Up a Public Health Entomology Program Structure, Organization, and Classification Issues Clarification of the Public Health Entomologist''s Role Private versus Public Pest Problems Duties of the Public Health Entomologist Providing Entomology Training Medical Student and Laboratory Technician Training Sanitarian or Environmental Health Specialist Training Vector-Borne Disease Surveillance Overview of Surveillance Types Sentinel Birds Wild Bird Surveillance Surveillance Using Nonhuman Mammals Human Case Surveillance Mosquito Surveillance The Purpose and Practice of Mosquito Surveillance Mosquito Surveillance Networks Mosquito Egg Surveys Larval Surveys Adult Surveys Landing Counts Daytime Resting Stations Light Traps Oviposition or Gravid Traps Preserving Adult Mosquitoes Habitat Mapping and Record Keeping Regulatory and political challenges Helper versus Enforcer Pests and Nuisances Enabling Legislation When Politics Interferes with Public Health Antivaccination and Antipesticide Fears Using Politics to Avoid Enforcement Public Health Entomology Preparedness Disease Emergence Prevention of Human Risks Associated with Travel and Arthropod Contact Disaster Vector Control Pests Involved Pest Control Options Military Aerial Spraying Capability How the Military Spray System Works The Air Force Response to Hurricane Katrina The Mississippi Department of Health Katrina Experience Operational Research Opportunities in Public Health Entomology Background and Purpose of Research in Public Health Entomology Types of Research Funding Sources and Examples of State Labs Collaborative Research Where to Go for Help State or Local Health Departments Universities The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention The World Health Organization SOME OF THE PRIMARY PESTS AND CONDITIONS OF PUBLIC HEALTH IMPORTANCE Mosquitoes Importance and Physical Description Distribution Impact on Human Health Ticks Importance and Physical Description Distribution Impact on Human Health Fleas Importance and Physical Description Distribution Impact on Human Health Lice Importance and Physical Description Distribution Impact on Human Health Sand Flies Importance and Physical Description Distribution Impact on Human Health Tsetse Flies Importance and Physical Description Distribution Impact on Human Health Black Flies Importance and Physical Description Distribution Impact on Human Health Bed Bugs Importance and Physical Description Distribution Impact on Human Health Kissing Bugs Importance and Physical Description Distribution Impact on Human Health Mites Importance and Physical Description Chiggers Other Biting Mites House Dust Mites Distribution Chiggers Other Biting Mites House Dust Mites Impact on Human Health Chiggers Other Biting Mites House Dust Mites Pests Involved in Mechanical Disease Transmission Background and Medical Significance Filth Flies Rodents Cockroaches Prevention, Treatment, and Control Arthropod Bites or Stings Introduction and Medical Significance Pathogenesis Bite Apparatus Sting Apparatus Direct Damage to Tissue Infectious Complications Clues to Recognizing Insect Bites or Stings Differential Diagnosis Conclusions Fly Larvae in Humans (Myiasis) Introduction and Medical Significance Accidental Myiasis Facultative Myiasis Obligate Myiasis Contributing Factors Accidental Myiasis Facultative Myiasis Obligate Myiasis Myiasis in Clinical Practice Differential Diagnosis Prevention, Treatment, and Control INDEX o Surveillance Networks Mosquito Egg Surveys Larval Surveys Adult Surveys Landing Counts Daytime Resting Stations Light Traps Oviposition or Gravid Traps Preserving Adult Mosquitoes Habitat Mapping and Record Keeping Regulatory and political challenges Helper versus Enforcer Pests and Nuisances Enabling Legislation When Politics Interferes with Public Health Antivaccinatio.