"CONTENTS 3ContentsIllustrations and Tables . 9Introduction . 15Chapter 1 How a Car Turns a Corner . 19Vehicle, Tires, Driver . 20Slip Angle . 20Footsteps . 21Lateral Force vs. Slip Angle .
22An Automobile Is Easier to Make Than a Tire . 22The Complexity Is Daunting . 23Chapter 2 Rubber . 25Rubber History . 26Obsession . 27Serendipity . 28The Beginnings of a Recipe . 29Parallel Development .
30Synthetic Rubber . 30Rubber Is a Polymer . 31Rubber Is Elastic and Viscoelastic . 33Creep Test . 33Mechanical Model for Rubber . 34Speed Sensitivity . 34Rubber Response to Cyclic Stress . 35The Glass Transition Temperature .
36Chapter 3 Rubber Friction . 37Simple Friction . 38Rubber Friction . 38Adhesion . 39Deformation: Mechanical Keying . 40Tearing and Wear . 41Total Friction . 41Deformation Friction and Viscoelasticity .
41Adhesive Friction and Surface Deformation . 43Friction: A Combination of Forces . 44Road Surface Effects . 46Shape . 47Slope of the Asperities . 48The Myth of Off-Line in the Rain . 50The Load Sensitivity of Rubber Friction . 50Temperature and Speed Effects .
52Chapter 4 Rubber Compounding . 55Which Rubber? . 56Recipe for a Tire . 57Carbon Black Reinforcement . 58Vulcanization . 61Additive Development . 624 THE RAC ING & HIGH-PERFORMANCE TIREChapter 5 Tire Des ign and Manufacture . 63Structure of the Pneumatic Tire .
64Modulus of Elasticity . 64Fatigue Strength . 65Fatigue Failure . 66Ti re Design . 66Contact Patch Load Effects . 67Structural Distortion Due to Vertical Load . 68Load and Internal Pressure . 70A Loading Example .
70Overloading and Underinflation . 71Braking and Acceleration Forces . 72Bias-Ply or Radial? . 73Street Tires vs . Race Tires . 74Wider Wheels . 74Tire Construction . 75Construction Details .
76Reinforcing Cords . 77Filament, Thread, Yarn, Cord . 79Adhesive Coatings on the Cords . 79Tread Design . 80Tread Patterns for a Wet Surface . 80Tire Noise . 81Special Case: Sports-Utility Vehicles . 82Manufacturing Process .
82Tread Material . 84Assembly . 85Tire Nonuniformities . 86The Hazards of Batch Processing . 87Manufacturing Developments . 88The Tire Industry Isn''t Healthy . 89Automated Manufacturing . 89Chapter 6 Ti re Be hav ior .
91How a Car Turns a Corne r: Revisited . 92Slip Angle . 92Lateral Force vs. Slip Angle .