Preface I. Introduction: I.1 Prelude "To Imitate the Bees" I.2 Towards an Interpretation of Spolia: Delimitations and Methods I.3 Reuse The Development of a New Architectural Practice II. Translatio of Materials: II.1 Fragments and Fragmentation. The Disposition of Spolia in Church Buildings II.

2 Translations and Transferences: Christian Versions of Roman Architecture II.3 The Aesthetics of Appropriation Eclecticism, Variety, and Antithetical Harmonies III. Translatio of Meanings: III.1 Breaking Down the Past Rejections of Rationality III.2 "Seeing the invisible" Towards a New Metaphorical Architecture III.3 To "Strip Error Bare" The Rhetoric of Transformation IV. Translatio of Time: IV.1 "Novelty in the Old and Age in the New".

The Rhetoric of Renovation IV.2 Recollecting the Past Spolia and Historical Consciousness IV.3 Inventing the Past: Spolia and the Ideology of Classicism Bibliography List of Illustrations Photo Credits Index."L'ERMA" di BRETSCHNEIDER.