Table of Contents Preface 1 Introduction: Causes and Conduct of the U.S.-Mexican War 8 1 * Peoples of California 25 2 * Foreigners in Alta California 47 3 * The Mexican Army in Alta California 57 4 * Preludes to War 62 5 * A Secret Mission to California 73 6 * The Californios Expel an American Expedition 77 7 * Frémont Prepares for War 85 8 * The Bear Flag Revolt 91 9 * The "Battle of Monterey" and the End of the Bear Flag Revolt 99 10 * The California Battalion 105 11 * Naval and Amphibious Operations I: From the Establishment of the American Blockade to the Capture of La Paz 111 12 * Naval and Amphibious Operations II: From the Capture of La Paz to the Return of the ­Sloop-of-War Cyane to Norfolk, Virginia 122 13 * The Californio Uprising and Its Aftermath 132 14 * The Army of the West and the Mormon Battalion 139 15 * The Battle of San Pascual 145 16 * The Treaty of Cahuenga 149 17 * The Earliest Days of the Gold Rush 152 18 * Frémont Is ­Court-Martialed 159 19 * The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 163 20 * From Military to Civilian Rule 167 21 * Significance of the Pacific Campaigns of the U.S.-Mexican War 174 Chronology 181 Chapter Notes 189 Bibliography 202 Index 211.