Table of Contents Preface: Alta California and the Californios 1 Introduction: Californios Under Three Flags 5 1. Taking Possession of Alta California: The Portolá Expedition 13 2. The Naval Department of San Blas 17 3. Missions and Missionaries 20 4. Ranchos 25 5. Presidios and Soldiers 41 6. Pueblos and Their Inhabitants 46 7. A Pirate Attack on Monterey 50 8.

The Old Spanish Trail 54 9. Californio Men and Californio Women 60 10. Foreigners in Alta California 73 11. Governing the Californios 82 12. Californios in the U.S.-Mexican War of 1846-1848 94 13. Land Titles 99 14.

Kaleidoscope of Californio Events 107 15. Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo 116 16. The Eclipse of the Old Californio Order: From Rancho to Barrio 124 17. Opinions on the Californios and Their Works 144 18. Three Young Californio Women 153 Conclusion: Six Calamities of Californio Life 158 Annotated Chronology, 1510-1890 161 Appendix 1: Notes on California Ports, 1769-1850 166 Appendix 2: Rancho Camulos 171 Appendix 3: Jo Mora on the Nuqueo 173 Appendix 4: An Interview with the Californio Bandit Tiburcio Vasquez (1835-1875) 175 Appendix 5: A Recipe for Puchero, a Californio Meat Stew 178 Chapter Notes 181 Bibliography 191 Index 199.