Chapter 1 Alternative Plastics from Wastes through Biomass Valorization Approaches Amisha Pani, Saloni Tripathy, Shreya Sadukha, Sunaina Nag and Samuel Jacob Chapter 2 Bioelectrochemical System: Waste/Wastewater to Bioenergy Conversion Technology Samsudeen Naina Mohamed and K. M. Meera Sheriffa Begum Chapter 3 Bioelectrochemical Reactors: Factors Governing Power Production and Its Applications Subramaniapillai Niju, Elangovan Elakkiya and Erudayadhas Lavanya Chapter 4 Photosynthetic Microbial Fuel Cells: Advances, Challenges and Applications Subramaniapillai Niju, Karuppusamy Priyadharshini and Elangovan Elakkiya Chapter 5 Pretreatment of Paddy Straw for Sustainable Bioethanol Production Suchitra Rakesh, Karthikeyan Subburamu, Ramesh Desikan and N. Arunkumar Chapter 6 Bio-based Coagulants for the Remediation of Environmental Pollutants Mansi Kikani, Chanchpara Amit, Doddabhimappa Ramappa Gangapur, Muthulingam Seenuvasan, and Madhava Anil Kumar Chapter 7 The Role of Nanomaterials in Wastewater Treatment A. Thirunavukkarasu and R. Nithya Chapter 8 Application of Biogenic Nanoparticles for a Clean Environment Jishma Panichikkal and Radhakrishnan Edayileveetil Krishnankutty Chapter 9 Phycoremediation of Heavy Metals in Wastewater: Strategy and Developments Velusamy Priya, Sivakumar Vivek, Muthulingam Seenuvasan, and Carlin Geor Malar Chapter 10 An Economic Perspective of Bio-waste Valorization for Extended Sustainability Suganya Subburaj and Madhava Anil Kumar Chapter 11 Recovery of Energy from Plastic Wastes by Pyrolysis Process for Sustainable Waste Management Riasha Pal, Nilanjan Paul, Deep Bhattacharya, Rajupalepu S. Monish, and Samuel Jacob Chapter 12 Biosurfactant: A Sustainable Replacement for Chemical Surfactants Tamil Elakkiya Vadivel, Theresa Veeranan, Krishnan Ravi Shankar, Renganathan Sahadevan, Tholan Gajendran Chapter 13 Nutraceutical Prospects of Green Algal Resources in Sustainable Development Prasanthkumar Santhakumaran and Joseph George Ray Chapter 14 Green Algae as a Bioenergy Resource with the Ecotechnological Potential for Sustainable Development Santhosh Kumar Kookal and Joseph George Ray Chapter 15 Compilation of Characterization and Electrochemical Behavior from Novel Biomass as Porous Electrode Materials for Energy Storage Devices Divya Palaniswamy and Rajalakshmi Reguramnan Index.