Jack Kerouac was born in Lowell, Massachusetts, in 1922, the youngest of three children in a Franco-American family. He attended local Catholic and public schools and won a scholarship to Columbia University in New York City, where he first met Neal Cassady, Allen Ginsberg, and William S. Burroughs. His first novel, The Town and the City , appeared in 1950, but it was On the Road , published in 1957 and memorializing his adventures with Neal Cassady, that epitomized to the world what became known as the "Beat generation" and made Kerouac one of the most best-known writers of his time. Publication of many other books followed, among them The Dharma Bums , The Subterraneans , and Big Sur . Kerouac considered all of his autobiographical fiction to be part of "one vast book," The Duluoz Legend . He died in St. Petersburg, Florida, in 1969, at the age of forty-seven.