This text displays strategies in system implementation, policy formulation, government accounting, and financial reporting. It clarifies procedures to solve cutback and downsizing dilemmas using theoretical models and manage financial activities under budgetary strain. In order to serve as an effective reference, the book compiles a wide range of case studies and examples to simplify concepts and procedures. Topics of discussion include the political economy of budgeting, budget management practices, budgeting under financial stress, accounting, auditing, and financial reporting, the evolution of a debt management policy and program, and financial management under budgetary stress.