About the Editor xi List of Contributors xiii Acknowledgments xix Introduction xxi Theme 1 Fundamental Considerations 1 How to Conceptualize and Implement a Language Assessment 3 Lyle F. Bachman and Barbara Damböck 2 Learning-Oriented Language Assessment 22 James Enos Purpura 3 Assessing Integrated Skills 42 Alister Cumming 4 Dynamic Assessment in the Classroom 55 Matthew E. Poehner 5 Designing Evaluations for Validation of Language Assessments 67 Carol A. Chapelle, Erik Voss, and Haeun Kim 6 Fairness and Justice in Language Assessment 80 Antony John Kunnan 7 Statistics and Software for Test Revisions 93 Yo In''nami and Rie Koizumi 8 Language Assessment and Artificial Intelligence 112 Erik Voss Theme 2 Assessing Language Skills and Resources 9 Assessing Listening 129 Elvis Wagner 10 Assessing Speaking 143 Barry O''Sullivan Copyrighted Material 11 Assessing Reading 154 William Grabe and Xiangying Jiang 12 Assessing Writing 168 Cecilia Guanfang Zhao 13 Assessing the Linguistic Resources of Meaningful Communication 181 James Enos Purpura and Saerhim Oh 14 Assessing Vocabulary 205 John Read 15 Assessing Pronunciation 216 Talia Isaacs 16 Assessing Interactional Competence and Pragmatics 230 Carsten Roever Theme 3 Assessment Development and Evaluation 17 Assessing English as a Lingua Franca 245 Jennifer Jenkins and Constant Leung 18 Scenario- Based Language Assessment 255 Heidi Liu Banerjee 19 Adapting or Developing Source Materials for Listening and Reading Tests 270 Anthony Green 20 Automated Writing Assessment and Feedback 285 Sara T. Cushing and Sha Liu Theme 4 Assessment Contexts 21 Classroom-Based Assessment Issues for Language Teacher Education 303 Constant Leung 22 Assessment of Young Language Learners 312 Mikyung Kim Wolf 23 Monitoring Progress in the Classroom 326 Matthew E. Poehner and Rama Mathew 24 Diagnostic Assessment Feedback in the 21st- Century Technology-Rich Classroom 339 Eunice Eunhee Jang, Maryam Wagner, Liam Hannah, and Hyunah Kim 25 Evolution and Future Trends in Tests of English for University Admissions 355 Xiaoming Xi, Brent Bridgeman, and Cathy Wendler 26 Assessing Health and Other Professionals 371 Lynda Taylor and John Pill 27 Acoustic and Temporal Analysis for Assessing Speaking 383 Okim Kang and Lucy Pickering Theme 5 Assessment for Immigration and Citizenship 28 Language Testing for Residence and Citizenship in Europe: Justifications, Consequences, and Debates 401 Cecilie Hamnes Carlsen 29 Language Assessment for Immigration in Australia: Test- Policy- Discourse Entanglements and Their Ethical Implications 417 Kellie Frost 30 U.S. Immigration, Citizenship, and the Naturalization Test: Policies and practices 432 Antony John Kunnan Theme 6 Qualitative Research Methods 31 Introspective Methods 453 Miyuki Sasaki and Yuhang Hu 32 Test-Taking Strategies 473 Yuyang Cai 33 Consequences, Impact, and Washback 496 Liying Cheng 34 Language Testing in the Dock 509 Glenn Fulcher Theme 7 Quantitative Research Methods 35 Historical Overview of Classical Theory: Reliability 527 James Dean Brown 36 Classical Test Theory - Reliability 541 Yasuyo Sawaki 37 Norm-Referenced and Criterion-Referenced Score Interpretations in Language Assessment 555 Ikkyu Choi 38 Practical Uses of EFA and SEM for Language Assessment Researchers 570 Gary J.

Ockey 39 Item Response Theory in Language Assessment 588 Shangchao Min and Lianzhen He 40 Many-Facet Rasch Analysis for Evaluating Second Language Tests 602 Khaled Barkaoui 41 Psychometric Considerations for a Computerized Adaptive Language Test 619 Steven W. Nydick, J.R. Lockwood, and Mancy Liao Theme 8 The Role of Technology 42 Computer-Assisted Language Testing 637 Ruslan Suvorov, Yasin Karatay, and Volker Hegelheimer 43 Computer-Adaptive Language Testing: Focus on Language Issues 649 Ramsey Cardwell, Ben Naismith, and Micheline Chalhoub-Deville 44 Automated Writing Evaluation 661 Jill Burstein and Yigal Attali 45 Detecting Plagiarism and Cheating 671 Ardeshir Geranpayeh Index 681.