Authored by Lou Yulie, a paramount contemporary scholar of Chinese philosophy, this essential work traces the dynamic evolution and profound significance of Guoxue ("National Learning") across China's transformative 20th century. Expertly translated by Liu Weijie, Lou's analysis moves beyond a simple historical survey to offer a critical reflection on the intellectual struggles to preserve and redefine China's cultural core-from the turmoil of the New Culture Movement to the contemporary revival. The book masterfully explores the fierce debates between traditionalists and modernizers, examining how classical thought in Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism was continually reinterpreted to meet the demands of modernity, nationalism, and global dialogue. Lou argues that the century-long journey of Guoxue is not a return to the past but a creative reconstruction of cultural identity, offering vital wisdom for navigating civilizational challenges. This translation provides an authoritative gateway for global readers to understand one of the most important intellectual currents in modern China. It is indispensable for students of Asian studies, comparative philosophy, cultural history, and anyone interested in the global dialogue between tradition and modernity.