Introduction, John Loughlin, Frank Hendriks, and Anders Lidstrom Part I The British Isles 1. The United Kingdom: Is There Really an Anglo Model?, Peter John and Colin Copus 2. Ireland: Halting Steps Towards Local Democracy, John Loughlin Part II The Rhinelandic States 3. Belgium: a Tale of Regional Divergence?, Ellen Wayenberg, Filip De Rynck, Kristof Steyvers, Jean-Benoit Pilet 4. The Netherlands: Subnational Democracy and the Reinvention of Tradition, Frank Hendriks and Linze Schaap 5. Luxembourg: The Challenge of Inclusive Democracy in a 'Local State', Patrick Dumont, Philippe Poirier, and Raphael Kies 6. Germany: Varieties of Democracy in a Federal System, Arthur Benz and Christina Zimmer 7. Austria: From Consensus to Competition and Participation?, Franz Fallend 8.
Switzerland: Subsidiarity, Power-sharing, and Direct Democracy, Andreas Ladner Part III The Nordic States 9. Denmark: Between Local Democracy and Implementing Agency of the Welfare State, Jens Blom-Hansen and Anne Heeager 10. Finland: The Limits of the Unitary Decentralized Model, Stefan Sjoblom 11. Sweden: Party Dominated Sub-national Democracy under Challenge?, Anders Lidstrom 12. Norway: The Decline of Subnational Democracy?, Harald Baldersheim and Lawrence E. Rose Part IV The Southern European States 13. France: Between Centralization and Fragmentation, Alistair Cole 14. Italy: The Subnational Dimension to Strengthening Democracy since the 1990s, Simona Piattoni and Marco Brunazzo 15.
Spain: The Consolidation of Strong Regional Governments and the Limits of Local Decentralization, Cesar Colino and Eloisa del Pino 16. Portugal: Local Democracy in a Small Centralized Republic, Jose M. Magone 17. Greece: A Case of Fragmented Centralism and 'Behind the Scenes' Localism, Nikos Hlepas and Panos Getimis 18. Malta: Local Government: A Slowly Maturing Process, Henry Frendo 19. Cyprus: Political Modernity and the Structures of Democracy in a Divided Island, Andrekos Varnava and Christalla Yakinthou Part V The New Democracies The Visegrad States 20. Poland: Europeanization of Sub-National Governments, Pawel Swianiewicz 21. The Czech Republic: Local Government in the Years After the Reform, Michal Illner 22.
Hungary: Remarkable Successes and Costly Failures: An Evaluation of Subnational Democracy, Gabor Soos and Laszlo Kakai 23. Slovakia: Local Government: Establishing Democracy at the Grassroots, Sona Capkova The Baltic States 24. Estonia: Challenges and Lessons of the Development of Local Autonomy, Georg Sootla and Kersten Kattai 25. Latvia: Experiments and Reforms in Decentralization, Inga Vilka 26. Lithuania: Brave Enough to Implement Daring Democratic Reforms?, Jolanta Vaiciuniene and Saulius Nefas The Balkan States 27. Slovenia in Transition: Decentralization as a Goal, Stanka Setnikar-Canka 28. Bulgaria: The Dawn of a New Era of Inclusive Subnational Democracy?, Pavlina Nikolova 29. Romania: From Historical Regions to Local Decentralization via the Unitary State, Ana Maria Dobre Part VI Conclusions 30.
European Subnational Democracy: Comparative Reflections and Conclusions, Frank Hendriks, John Loughlin, and Anders Lidstrom Appendix 1 Structure of Sub-National Governments in Europe (2007) Appendix 2 Sub-national Finances in Europe Appendix 3 Trust, Importance of Local/Regional Government, and Levels of Corruption in Europe Index.