SECTION 1 Deep brain stimulation Basic science Principles of electrical stimulation of neural tissue; Deep brain stimulation in animal models; Deep brain stimulation surgical techniques; Deep brain stimulation: how does it work?; Computational modelling of deep brain stimulation; Therapeutic stimulation versus ablation; Magnetic resonance imaging safety of deep brain stimulator devices; Brain stimulation and functional imaging with fMRI and PET; Clinical applications of deep brain stimulation Deep brain stimulation for Parkinson disease: patient selection; Deep brain stimulation for Parkinson disease: clinical outcome; Postoperative management of deep brain stimulation in Parkinson disease; Psychiatric considerations in deep brain stimulation for Parkinson disease; Deep brain stimulation for essential trem∨ Deep brain stimulation for dystonia; The role of deep brain stimulation in the treatment of secondary dystono-dyskinesia syndromes; Deep brain stimulation for other tremors, myoclonus and chorea; Deep brain stimulation for epilepsy; Deep brain stimulation for major depression; Deep brain stimulation in obsessive-compulsive disorder: neurocircuitry and clinical experience; Deep brain stimulation in Tourette syndrome; Deep brain stimulation in addiction due to psychoactive substance use; Evaluating the potential of deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant anorexia nervosa; Deep brain stimulation for pain; Central thalamic deep brain stimulation for support of forebrain arousal regulation in the minimally conscious state; Deep brain stimulation for cognitive disorders; Ethics guidance for neurological and psychiatric deep brain stimulation; SECTION 2 Superficial brain stimulation Basic principles Transcranial electric and magnetic stimulation: technique and paradigms; Epidural and subdural stimulation; Physics of effects; Biology of effects Clinical utility in diagnosis Central motor conduction time; Pharmaco-TMS studies of motor excitability Therapeutic uses Treating the depressions with superficial brain stimulation methods; Other therapeutic psychiatric uses of superficial brain stimulation; Pain; Tinnitus; Parkinson disease; Dystonia; Epilepsy; Non-invasive brain stimulation in neurorehabilitation Research applications Plasticity; Research applications of non-invasive superficial brain stimulation in Parkinson disease; Transcranial magnetic stimulation in dystonia; Non-invasive brain stimulation in Huntington disease; Utility of transcranial magnetic stimulation in delineating ALS pathophysiology; Superficial brain stimulation in multiple sclerosis; Brain stimulation in migrai≠ Dementia; Addiction; Tourette syndrome; Cerebellum; Transcranial magnetic stimulation and vision; Transcranial magnetic stimulation techniques to study the somatosensory system: research applications Langua≥ Research applications of noninvasive brain stimulation: learning and memory; Cognition.