Preface Acknowledgments Abbreviations I A Wall between the Germanys 3 Accepting Germany's Division 5 A German-German Consensus 13 II One Germany, Two Alliances 16 The Soviet Ultimatum 17 East German Uncertainties 23 The Persistence of West German Policy 30 The Evolution of East German Policy 36 Divergent Priorities 44 The Construction of the Wall 49 III Two Germanys: Confrontation or Accommodation? 56 Changing Surroundings 57 West Germany's Awkward Adaptation 64 The Rigidity of East German Policy 71 Bonn's Breakthrough: The Ostpolitik 79 The End of the Ulbricht Era 87 Two States in Germany? 93 IV Two German States: New Relations, Bad Relations 96 The Inter-German Dilemma 97 The Benefits of Cooperation 102 Handling Questions of Principle 106 Whither Inter-German Ties: The View from Bonn 113 Whither Inter-German Ties: Retrenchment in the GDR 121 Toward a German-German Deadlock? 126 Inter-German Ties in Question 133 V Accepting a Divided Germany 134 A Threat from the West 135 An East German Opportunity? 141 The Meeting at Werbellin 147 The "Wende" 152 A German "Coalition of Reason" 158 A New Era between the Germanys 164 A Working Visit to Bonn 173 VI The Fall of East Germany 175 The Illusion of Success 177 A Path of Least Resistance 185 A New Political Force 193 The West German Response 199 Unity Despite the Germanys 204 VII Germany without a Wall 207 Inter-German Tensions of a New Type 209 A Liberal Democratic Germany 216 The New Germany and the New Europe 222 App. A. Interview Locations, 1985-1990 229 App. B. GDR Oral History Project Interviews 231 Select Bibliography 233 Index 245.