Preface xv 1 Digital Twins: Driving Innovation Through Virtual Optimization - A Systematic Review 1 Supriya, Vansh Joshi, Yash Singhal, Mudit Kumar and Parth Sharma 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Literature Review 7 1.3 Applications and Use Cases 10 1.4 Challenges and Limitations 12 1.5 Future Trends and Research Directions 13 1.6 Conclusion 14 2 Core Principles and Applications of Digital Twins 17 Nitin Cholkar and Nitin Mahankale 2.1 Introduction 18 2.
2 History and Evolution of Digital Twins 18 2.3 Key Components of Digital Twins 20 2.4 Types of Digital Twins 21 2.5 Digital Twin Architecture 24 2.6 Interaction between Physical and Digital Components 26 2.7 Data Flow and Management 28 2.8 Digital Twin Frameworks 29 2.9 Role of Cloud Computing in Digital Twins 31 2.
10 Data Collection and Integration 32 3 ESG 2.0: Evolving Foundations and Strategies 39 Nitin Mahankale and Nitin Cholkar 3.1 Introduction to ESG and Its Evolution 39 3.2 Scope 40 3.3 From ESG 1.0 to ESG 2.0 Evolution 40 3.4 Key Drivers and Trends Influencing ESG 2.
0 41 3.5 The Core Areas of ESG 2.0 43 3.6 Conclusion 53 4 Fundamentals of Digital Twins 57 Vineet Kumar and Ujjwal 4.1 Introduction 58 4.2 Evolution of Digital Twins 59 4.3 Types of Digital Twins 60 4.4 Classification of DT Based on Their Applications 62 4.
5 Steps Involved in Creating DT 63 4.6 Characteristics of DT 64 4.7 Advantages of DT 64 4.8 Disadvantages of DT 65 4.9 Key Enablers 65 4.10 Applications of DT 67 5 Machine Learning Lending a Hand to ESG: A Case Study on CO 2 Emissions 75 Supriya, Vriti Amit Khandelwal, Kushagar Sharma and Vasu Sharma 5.1 Introduction 75 5.2 Evolution of ESG 78 5.
3 Applications of ESG 80 5.4 Challenges and Limitations of ESG 82 5.5 Case Study 83 5.6 Conclusion 86 6 A Comprehensive Review on Digital Initiatives Fostering Improvements in Solar PV Systems 89 Sivasankari Sundaram, Almas and Pavan Darbha 6.1 Introduction 90 6.2 Digital Model Applications in the Field of Solar PV Industry 94 6.3 Digital Twin of Solar PV Plant 119 6.4 Conclusion 121 7 The Convergence of AI, ML, and Digital Twins in Shaping the Future of ESG 129 Aaryan Gupta, Preeti Narooka, Ishani Lohar and Mansi Amarnani 7.
1 Introduction 130 7.2 Understanding Digital Twins 130 7.3 AI and ML Technologies 133 7.4 Integration of AI, ML, and Digital Twins 139 7.5 Impact on ESG Metrics and Reporting 141 7.6 Innovations and Future Directions 145 7.7 Challenges and Considerations 148 7.8 Conclusion 154 8 A Roadmap for Sustainable Industry: Merging ESG, Digital Twin, and Circular Economy Practices 159 Adith Kumar and Harshit Tiwari 8.
1 Introduction 160 8.2 Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) 161 8.3 Digital Twin Technology 166 8.4 Circular Economy 169 8.5 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) 175 8.6 Conclusion 186 9 Waste Biomass to Bioenergy with Regulatory Framework for a Sustainable Economy 189 Debajyoti Bose, Riya Bhattacharya, Rashmi Raj, L. S. Pranathi Ganti, Abhijeeta Sarkar and Margavelu Gopinath 9.
1 Introduction 190 9.2 Biowaste Sources 191 9.3 Bioengineering Techniques for Biowaste Conversion to Bioenergy 198 9.4 Social Impact of Bioenergy Products 201 9.5 Bio-Circular Economy for Sustainable Bioenergy Production 210 9.6 Future Perspective 220 10 An Automated System to Identify and Detect the Faults in Bottle Cap Production and Visual Inspection Using Raspberry Pi 227 Shaik Asif Hussain, Mudassir Khan, J. Chinna Babu, Shaik Javeed Hussain and Yu-Chen Hu 10.1 Introduction 228 10.
2 Existing Techniques and Proposed Approach 231 10.3 Design and Implementation 234 10.4 System Validation 239 10.5 Conclusion 243 11 DDoS Detection Using Semi-Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms 247 Ajmeera Kiran, Mudassir Khan, J. Chinna Babu, B. P. Santosh Kumar and Mohammad Mazhar Nezami 11.1 Introduction 248 11.
2 Existing System 252 11.3 Proposed System 255 11.4 Conclusion 266 12 Enhanced Encryption and Digital Signature Scheme Utilizing EC-Based Encryption and Multi-Chaotic Pseudo Random Generation 269 Mudassir Khan, S.Z. Parveen, Shaik Karimullah and Barga Mohammed Mujahid 12.1 Introduction 270 12.2 Literature Review 272 12.3 Proposed Methodology 276 12.
4 Simulation Results 280 12.5 Conclusion and Future Scope 288 13 Utilization of Waste for Production of Nanomaterials: An Industry 4.0 Approach of Waste to Wealth 293 Dip Jyoti Sardar, Parna Ganguli, Arpita Ghosh and Surabhi Chaudhuri 13.1 Introduction 294 13.2 Critical Review 295 13.3 Conclusions, Recommendations, Future Perspectives 312 14 Factors Affecting Sanitation Behavior Among Rural Communities in Low and Middle-Income Countries: A Critical Review 321 Arpita Ghosh, Puneet Sharma and Parul Malik 14.1 Introduction 322 14.2 Research Methodology 325 14.
3 Literature Review 347 14.4 Recommendations and Conclusion 370 15 Assessing the Comparison of Environmental and Social Governance (ESG) Performance of Tourism Companies Worldwide 379 Arpita Ghosh, Abhishek Kumar and Ananya Das 15.1 Introduction 380 15.2 Methodology 38 15.3 Literature Discussion 382 15.4 Secondary Data and Discussion 384 15.5 Conclusion and Recommendation 391 16 Ion Beam Induced PMMA-Based Corrosion-Resistant Hydrophobic Coating on a Metal Substrate 399 Udit Gupta, Kailash Pandey, Rakesh Jain and Rajeev Gupta 16.1 Introduction 399 16.
2 Experimental 401 16.3 Results and Discussion 40216.4 Conclusion 407 References 408 Index 411.