A wealth of research has been dedicated to defining the diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) problems researchers experience related to workplace and collaborative culture, access to professional and research opportunities, experiences of exclusionary behaviours, and harassment, and more. This research has been important in helping astronomers to see hidden power arrangements, identify overlapping forms of oppression, and develop a desire to improve inclusion in their professional spheres. This book serves to provide astronomers with an understanding of key disparities within the field, examples of successes and shortfalls in existing DEI efforts, and how the structure of how science is performed can improve accountability in achieving equity in research opportunity and success.