Preface * Acknowledgement * Author biography * Table of contents * 1. Introduction * 2. Corrosion * 2.1 Basics of aqueous metallic corrosion * 2.2 Forms of Corrosion * 2.3 Polarization and Corrosion Rates * 2.3.1 Concept of polarization * 2.
3.2 Corrosion rate * 2.3.3 Factors Affecting Corrosion Rate * 2.4 Hydrogen - release corrosion and oxygen consumption corrosion * 2.4.1 Hydrogen - release corrosion * 2.4.
2 Oxygen-consumption corrosion * 2.5 Causes of corrosion * 2.5.1 Corrosive Environments * 2.6 Corrosion protection methods * 3. External corrosion protection * 3.1 Material selection * 3.1.
1 Considerations For Material Selection * 3.2 External coatings * 3.2.1 Standards * 3.2.2 Coating philosophy and selection * 3.2.3 Coal Tar and Asphalt coatings * 3.
2.4 Fusion bonded epoxy coatings * 3.2.5 Polyethylene coatings * 3.2.6 Tape wrap * 3.2.7 Epoxy and urethane liquid coatings * 3.
2.8 Coal tar epoxy coatings * 3.2.9 Mill-Applied Tape Coating Systems * 3.2.10 Extruded Polyolefin Systems * 3.2.11 Multi-layer epoxy/ extruded polyolefin systems * 3.
2.12 Elastomer coatings * 3.2.13 High temperature coatings * 3.2.14 Other coatings * 3.3 Cathodic protection * 3.3.
1 Main parameters of cathodic protection * 3.3.2 Sacrificial anode cathodic protection system * 3.3.3 Impressed current cathodic protection system * 3.3.4 Offshore cathodic protection * 3.3.
5 Onshore cathodic protection * 3.3.6 Reference electrode * 3.3.7 Groundbed site selection and design * 3.3.8 Transformer - Rectifier * 3.3.
9 Anode backfilling * 3.3.10 Auxiliary Facilities of Cathodic Protection * 3.3.11 Satisfying the current output requirement * 3.3.12 Design of offshore cathodic protection system * 3.3.
13 Design of onshore cathodic protection system * 3.4 Galvanic Zinc application * 3.4.1 Zinc Metallizing (plating) * 3.4.2 Zinc-rich Paints * 3.4.3 Hot-dip Galvanizing * 4.
Internal corrosion protection * 4.1 Internal coatings * 4.1.1 Epoxy Pipe Coating * 4.1.2 Benefits of internal coating to gas pipelines * 4.1.3 Benefits of internal coating to water pipelines * 4.
1.4 Spray lining * 4.1.5 In-situ coating * 4.1.6 Treatment of weld * 4.2 Chemical injection * 4.2.
1 Corrosion Inhibitor * 4.2.2 Scale Inhibitor * 4.2.3 Hydrate Inhibitors * 4.2.4 Biocides * 4.2.
5 Antifoam * 4.2.6 Drag Reducers * 4.2.7 Emulsion Breakers * 4.3 Dehydration * 4.3.1 Reason for Dehydrating the Gas * 4.
3.2 Common Gas Dehydration Methods * 4.4 Cleaning pigs * 4.5 Buffering * 5. Atmospheric corrosion * 5.1 Atmospheric corrosion inspection * 5.2 Causes of atmospheric corrosion * 5.3 Methods of preventing atmospheric corrosion * 5.
3.1 Coatings * 5.3.2 Metal films * 5.3.3 Polymer coatings * 5.3.4 Vitreous enamels * 5.
3.5 Conversion coatings * 5.3.6 Painting * 5.3.7 Sacrificial coating * 5.3.8 Temporary protectives * 5.
3.9 Design * 5.3.10 Control relative humidity * 5.3.11 Packaging * 5.3.12 Atmospheric control * 5.
4 Atmospheric corrosion repair * 5.4.1 Surface preparation * 5.4.2 Recoating * 5.4.3 Inspection * 5.4.
4 Health and safety * 6. Stray current corrosion * 6.1 Stray current sources * 6.2 Stray Current Corrosion Prevention * 6.2.1 Corrosion and prevention of DC stray current * 6.2.2 AC interference hazards and protection * 7.
Case study * 7.1 Situation * 7.1.1 External corrosion coupons * 7.1.2 History of metal loss * 7.2 Steps involved * 7.2.
1 Laboratory testing: Major findings * 7.2.2 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) * 7.3 Conclusion * 7.4 Recommendation * 8. Corrosion failures: Gas Pipeline Explosion * 8.1 Situation * 8.1.
1 Events leading to the accident * 8.2 Findings * Reference * Key terms and definition * Index *.