PrefaceAcknowledgmentsChapter 1 * The Purpose of Research Chapter Outline Scientific Research and Its Purpose Theories of Knowledge A Quick Look at Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Ethical Research Summary Key Terms Taking a Step FurtherChapter 2 * Formulating a Research Question Chapter Outline Choosing a Research Topic Operationalization of Constructs Types of Variables Types of Hypotheses Visualizing a Research Question Summary Key Terms Taking a Step FurtherChapter 3 * Researching and Writing the Literature Review Chapter Outline Defining a Literature Review Exploring the Literature Understanding and Organizing the Literature Thinking Critically Hypotheses Systematic Reviews of Literature Summary Key Terms Taking a Step FurtherChapter 4 * Quantitative Designs Chapter Outline Categorizations of Research Studies Cross-Sectional Versus Longitudinal Studies Causality in Research Experimental Designs Summary Key Terms Taking a Step FurtherChapter 5 * Measurement Errors, Reliability, Validity Chapter Outline Measurement Errors Reliability Validity Summary Key Terms Taking a Step FurtherChapter 6 * Sampling Chapter Outline Defining Sampling Probability and Non-Probability Sampling Types of Non-Probability Sampling Types of Probability Sampling Summary Key Terms Taking a Step FurtherChapter 7 * Data Collection for Quantitative Research Chapter Outline Experimental Research Quasi-Experimental Research Preparing and Collecting Data Through Questionnaires Methods of Data Collection Summary Key Terms Taking a Step FurtherChapter 8 * Secondary Data Chapter Outline Benefits of Using Secondary Data Major Sources of Secondary Data Disadvantages of Secondary Data Summary Key Terms Taking a Step FurtherChapter 9 * Entering and Organizing Quantitative Data Chapter Outline The Purpose of Entering and Organizing Quantitative Data Preparing for Data Entry Organizing and Inputting Variables Summary Key Terms Taking a Step FurtherChapter 10 * Analyzing Quantitative Data Chapter Outline Analyzing Quantitative Data Univariate Analysis Graphical Representation of Data Measures of Central Tendency Bivariate Analysis Summary Key Terms Taking a Step FurtherChapter 11 * Qualitative Designs and Data Collection: Understanding What Behavior Means in Context Chapter Outline An Introduction to Qualitative Research Designs Ways of Collecting Qualitative Data Unobtrusive Methods and Additional Sources of Qualitative Data Mixed Methods Summary Key Terms Taking a Step Further About the Chapter ContributorChapter 12 * Entering, Coding, and Analyzing Qualitative Data Chapter Outline Enter, Clean, and Organize Qualitative Data Coding Qualitative Data Analyzing Qualitative Data Summary Key Terms Taking a Step FurtherChapter 13 * Results and Discussion Chapter Outline Reporting Results Results in Quantitative Studies Results in Qualitative Studies Visually Presenting Results Discussion Recommendations Summary Key Term Taking a Step FurtherChapter 14 * Presenting Your Research Chapter Outline Presenting Your Findings to an Audience Applying to Conferences Publishing an Article SummaryTaking a Step FurtherReferencesName IndexSubject IndexAbout the Author.