Contents: Introduction; Part I Identity: Was there an Occitan identity in the Middle Ages? Part II Women: Marriage, Property, Love and Sin: L'épouse et la formation du lien conjugal selon la littérature occitane du XIe au XIIIe s.: mutations d'une institution et condition féminine; Women, property and the rise of Courtly Love; L'obscénité du clerc: le troubadour Marcabru et la sculpture ecclésiastique as XIIe siècle en Aquitaine et dans l'Espagne du nord; Marcabru et le lignage de Caïn: Bel m'es cant son li frug madur (PC 293.13). Part III Knights and 'Chivalry': Literary Evidence: The concept of knighthood in the 12th-century Occitan lyric; La Chanson de la Croisade albigeoise: mythes chevaleresques et réalités militaires; The Occitan squire in the 12th and 13th centuries; A propos de la datation de Raimon d'Anjou.Part IV Court Culture: Tournaments and knightly sports in 12th- and 13th-century Occitania; Great court festivals in the South of France and Catalonia in the 12th and 13th centuries; Les tensons et partimens; Jeux poétiques et communication des valeurs: le tensos et partimens des troubadours; Insultes, amour et une trobairitz: la tenso de Raimbaut de Vaqueiras et Albert Malaspina; Writing the present: Boniface II of Montferrat and Frederick II Hohenstaufen. Part V Medicine: La médecine en Occitanie avant 1250; Military surgery: knights, sergeants and Raimon of Avignon's version of the Chirurgia of Roger of Salerno (1180-1209). Part VI Troubadours and the Crusades: Occitan literature and the Holy Land; Legal agreements in the Occitan Canso d'Antioca; Syria, Poitou and the reconquista (or: tales of the undead): who was the Count in Marcabru's Vers del lavador?; Addenda; Index.