PREFACE INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1. THE SPECIES PROBLEM: IN BROAD STROKES ON A CONCEPTUAL HISTORICAL CANVAS 1.1. Developing cognitive situation 1.1.1. Structure of cognitive situation 1.1.
2. Species, species concept, species problem 1.2. History on a conceptualistic account 1.3. A historical narrative of the species problem CHAPTER 2. ANTIQUE NATURAL PHILOSOPHY: SPECIES AS EIDOS 2.1.
Classical period: the birth of genos and eidos 2.1.1. Plato's eidology 2.1.2. Aristotle's ousiology 2.1.
3. Aristotelian polysemy: the problem arises 2.1.4. Theophrastus' Enquiry into Plants 2.2. Neoplatonists: Porphyry's questions CHAPTER 3. THE MIDDLE AGES: SPECIES AS UNIVERSALIA 3.
1. An eve of scholasticism: the beginning of genus and species 3.2. Realism: species really exists 3.3. Conceptualism: species concept refers to something real 3.4. Nominalism: species concept refers to nothing real 3.
5. Genus-species scheme CHAPTER 4. THE RENAISSANCE AND THE EARLY MODERN TIMES: SPECIES AS CLASSIFICATION UNIT 4.1. The Renaissance turn and the "second" scholasticism 4.2. The early Modern Times: natural-classificatory dualism 4.3.
The origin of systematics: species of the living 4.3.1. Herbal epochas a precursor 4.3.2. From Cesalpino to Ray: a scholastic legacy 4.3.
3. Tournefort and Linnaeus: disconnection of genus and species 4.3.4. Adanson, Jussieu, etc.: the birth of natural systematics 4.3.5.
"Ladderists" against "Systemists" CHAPTER 5. THE MODERN TIMES: SPECIES AS BIOLOGICAL UNIT 5.1. The forerunners: initial routs of objectivation of biological species 5.1.1. Biblical motifs 5.1.
2. Generative idea 5.2. The 19th century and beyond: biologization of the species problem 5.2.1. Evolutionary idea: species as an actor of biological evolution 5.2.
2. Ecological idea: species as a component of ecosystem 5.3. Biosystematics and others: fall and rise of species 5.4. "Multiplication of essences": the kinds of species CHAPTER 6. THE CONTEMPORARY: THE NEWEST ISSUES 6.1.
Species definition: a conceptual pyramid 6.2. Species ontology: new questions 6.3. The "new essentialism": an evolving specieshood? 6.4. If not species, then what? REFERENCES INDEX.