Preface viii Acknowledgements x 1 Anatomy and Physiology of the Skin 1 Skin 1 Accessory Structures of the Skin 8 Hair 8 Skin Glands 9 Nails 10 The Functions of the Skin 12 Excretion and Absorption 14 Synthesis of Vitamin D 14 Conclusion 14 Glossary of Terms 15 Multiple Choice Questions 15 References 17 2 Assessment of the Skin 18 Assessing the Skin 19 Variations in Presentations Between Dark and Light Skin 20 The Patient History 21 Exudate 21 Family and Social History 23 Physical Examination 24 Inspection 24 Skin Examination 26 Hair and Nail Assessment 27 Psychodermatology 28 Conclusion 29 Glossary of Terms 29 Multiple Choice Questions 30 References 31 3 Psoriasis 32 Types of Psoriasis 32 Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Psoriasis 34 Epidemiology 36 Risk Factors 36 Clinical Presentation 37 Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis 39 Psoriasis Area and Severity Index 39 Use of Photography 42 Investigations 45 Management 46 Health Teaching 48 Conclusion 48 Glossary of Terms 49 Multiple Choice Questions 50 References 51 4 Eczema 52 Types of Dermatitis 52 Atopic Dermatitis 52 Contact Dermatitis 52 Seborrhoeic Dermatitis 54 Pompholyx Eczema 54 Nummular Eczema 54 Venous Eczema 54 Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Atopic Dermatitis 54 Epidemiology 56 Risk Factors 57 Clinical Presentation 59 Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis 60 Management 62 Health Teaching 64 Conclusion 64 Glossary of Terms 65 Multiple Choice Questions 65 References 67 5 Melanoma 68 Skin Cancer 68 Melanocytes 69 Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Melanoma 70 Epidemiology 72 Risk Factors 72 Clinical Presentation 74 ABCDE EFG and 7-Point Check List 75 Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis 76 Staging 79 Management 80 Health Teaching 82 Conclusion 84 Glossary of Terms 84 Multiple Choice Questions 85 References 87 6 Burns 88 First Aid for Burns 88 Classification of Burns 89 Complications and Associated Problems 91 Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Burns 91 Epidemiology 94 Risk Factors 95 Clinical Presentation 96 Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis 96 Clinical Assessment 97 Management 98 Health Teaching 101 Conclusion 102 Glossary of Terms 103 Multiple Choice Questions 104 References 105 7 Herpes Zoster 107 Herpes Infection 107 Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Herpes Zoster 107 Reactivation of the Virus 107 Complications 110 Transmission 110 Epidemiology 111 Risk Factors 111 Clinical Presentation 112 Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis 115 Management 117 Health Teaching 118 Vaccination 119 Conclusion 120 Contents vii Glossary of Terms 120 Multiple Choice Questions 121 References 122 8 Acne Vulgaris 123 Acne 123 Pathophysiological Changes Associated with Acne Vulgaris 124 Epidemiology 126 Risk Factors 126 Clinical Presentation 128 Clinical Investigations and Diagnosis 128 Management 131 Long-term Treatment Requirement 132 Continued Therapy 132 Specific Circumstances Concerning Isotretinoin 133 Importance of Monitoring 133 Long-term Remission 133 Health Teaching 133 Conclusion 135 Glossary of Terms 135 Multiple Choice Questions 136 References 137 MCQ Answers 138 Index 139.