Acknowledgments Abbreviations 1 Introduction 1 Historical Syntax and Indo-European Linguistics 2 Accessing Indo-European 3 The Uniformitarian Principle 4 PIEDialectology 5 Theoretical Framework2 What Is Syntax? 1 Introduction 2 Multiple Heads: Predicates over the Object in Indo-European 3 Non-hierarchical Syntactic Relations: Coordination in Indo-European 4 Double-Sided Relations: Nominal Apposition in Indo-European 5 Genitive and Dative 6 Conclusion3 Historical Syntax and Its Mechanisms 1 Introduction 2 Reanalysis 3 Extension 4 Historical Syntax and Language Contact 5 Conclusion4 The Comparative Method: Internal Aspects 1 Introduction 2 Internal Description 3 Internal Reconstruction 4 Internal Comparison 5 Conclusion5 The Comparative Method: External Aspects 1 External Comparison 2 External Reconstruction 3 External Description 4 Conclusion6 Historical Syntax and Morphological Marking 1 Introduction 2 The Submerged Genitive in Indo-European 3 Demonstratives and Gender Attraction in Indo-European 4 Non-Canonical Subjects in the Indo-European Languages 5 Transitivity and Ergativity in Indo-European 6 The Classical Armenian Perfect and Its Constructions 7 Head-Marking: The Ezafe -Construction in Iranian 8 Adjectival Definiteness in Germanic 9 Conclusion7 Historical Syntax and Syntactic Autonomy 1 Introduction 2 Elliptical Genitives 3 Elliptical Adjectives 4 Adpositions and Verbal Constructions in Ancient Greek 5 The Definite Article and Possession in Germanic and Celtic 6 Subordination and Syntactic Autonomy 7 Conclusion8 Historical Syntax and Semantics 1 Introduction 2 The Meaning of Number in Indo-European 3 Grammatical Gender 4 Historical Syntax and Lexical Semantics 5 Apudessives in Indo-European 6 Cases and Semantic Roles 7 The Evolution of Locative Roles in Indo-European 8 Conclusion9 Historical Syntax and Syntactic Linearity 1 Introduction 2 Verb-Initial in Indo-European 3 Split Possession and Position Rules in Albanian 4 Word Order Implications: Negations and Adverbs 5 Indo-European Tmesis 6 Conclusion Conclusion 1 Syntactic Analysis and Its Objects 2 Causality in Historical Syntax 3 Historical Syntax and the Comparative Method 4 The Syntactic Profile of Indo-European 5 A Retrospective Glance Bibliography Index notionum Index linguarum Index verborum Index locorum.