This book offers a comprehensive exploration of the theoretical underpinnings and practical implications of differentiated instruction. By fostering a deeper understanding of the factors influencing the effective implementation of differentiation practices, the book seeks to empower educators to create inclusive learning environments that cater to student diversity. In doing so, it can shape pedagogical practices and inform policy decisions on a global scale, thereby advancing the cause of inclusive education across diverse educational contexts. This book enriches the understanding of differentiated instruction by introducing a new framework focused on strengthening teacher self-efficacy in differentiation. Additionally, it highlights the importance of support from school leadership and colleagues in implementing differentiation successfully. Featuring extracts from participant interviews to immerse readers in the empirical data, it provides insights into the challenges and opportunities inherent in differentiated instruction. With its focus on developing practical strategies and frameworks for differentiation, the book holds significance for educators worldwide grappling with student diversity.