Chapter 1 Behaviour and management of European ungulates Rory Putman and Marco Apollonio; Chapter 2 Valuing ungulates in Europe Sandor Csanyi, Juan Carranza, Bostjan Pokorny, Rory Putman and Mark Ryan; Chapter 3 Reintroductions as a management tool for European ungulates Massimo Scandura, Marco Apollonio and Nikica prem; Chapter 4 Introducing aliens: problems associated with invasive exotics Francesco Ferretti and Sandro Lovari; Chapter 5 Competition between domestic and wild ungulates Roberta Chirichella, Marco Apollonio and Rory Putman; Chapter 6 Effects of selective harvesting on ungulate populations Atle Mysterud; Chapter 7 The management of urban populations of ungulates Rory Putman, Jochen Langbein, Peter Watson, Peter Green and Sean Cahill; Chapter 8 The management of ungulates in protected areas Stefano Grignolio, Marco Heurich, Nikica prem and Marco Apollonio; Chapter 9 Challenges in the management of cross-border populations of ungulates Carlos Fonseca, Rita Torres, Joao P.V. Santos, Jose Vingada and Marco Apollonio; Chapter 10 Novel management methods: immunocontraception and other fertility control tools Giovanna Massei, Dave Cowan and Douglas Eckery; Chapter 11 Welfare issues in the management of wild ungulates Frauke Ohl and Rory Putman; Chapter 12 Management of ungulates in the 21st century: how far have we come? Naomi Sykes and Rory Putman.