Growth versus Development A More Balanced Perspective? Evolution of Society''s Shaping Ethic Academia Is Slow to Catch on The Historic Evolution of Education in Europe: A Brief Synopsis Only for the Chosen Theoretical Roots of Modern Education Opposing Schools of Thought Begin a Never-Ending Battle A Dilemma Faced by Educators Rationalizations That Don''t Work Good Intentions Lead to Naught Education in the United States during the Colonial Period Breaking with European Tradition How Students Learned Getting the Framework into Place Others Who Helped Shape the Colonial Education System Education in the United States during the Early 1800s The Scattershot Approach Educating the Poor Horace Mann Makes the Common School System a Serious Player Dealing with the Flood of Immigrants Frederick Froebel Give Us Kindergarten Education in the United States during the Late 1800s A Broadening of Emphasis The Education Sector Gets a Voice Change Comes Slow Influences during the Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution Reshapes the U.S. Education System Frederick Taylor''s Scientific Management Spills Over into the Classroom Opposition Arises to the Mechanistic Approach Rationalizations for Educating Students to be Robots The Battle between Mechanists and Humanists Education in the United States during the Early 1900s Psychologists Get Involved in Shaping Education Policy Three Different Mindsets Mechanistic Thinking Remains Dominant Introducing the Concept of Tracts Slowly But Surely, Efforts to Educate the Nation Progress The Hierarchy in Place, Efforts Shift to Shaping Curriculum Education in the United States to the Mid-1900s Tumultuous Shifts in the Education System The Problem of Measurement A Bump in the Road to Progress Teachers Unionize The National Education Association Becomes a Force A Battle for Survival A Slow Recovery Again, How to Deal with the Poor Segregation, Deculturalization, Assimilation, a Sad Chapter in the History of U.S. Public Education The Lingering Legacy of Slavery in the United States Deculturalization and Assimilation as Alternatives The Battle to Eliminate Segregation Following the Lead of the Black Community The New Kid on the Block From Humble Beginnings The Radio Takes Center Stage And, Then, Television Hits the Scene The Computer Makes a New Education Paradigm Possible Education in the United States during the Mid- to Late 1900s Still Trying to Figure Out the Best Approach The Problem with Private Schools, the Bubble World Increased Government Involvement and Funding Academia''s Failings in Terms of the U.S.''s Ability to Compete Globally The Students Get Involved Those Who are Dissatisfied Strike Out on Their Own Education in the United States during the Late 1900s The Mechanistic Faction Refuses to Budge The Modern-Day Problem with the Mechanistic Argument The Human Relations School Types Continue Chipping Away Government Efforts to Make School Systems Accountable Developing State-Wide Achievement Standards and Work-Study Programs Three Movements That Made a Difference Education in the United States during the Early 2000s No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and the Ensuing Confusion The Advent of the Student Aptitude Test Why a Universal Test Taken by All Students Is Necessary Grades Don''t Tell the Story No Perfect Solution, But. European Nations Provide Models the United States Can Learn from Europe: Leading the Way or Behind? Designing the Best Model The Bologna Process'' Focus on Standardization The Bologna Process and Program Design The Bologna Process and Rewarding Student Accomplishment Strata of Qualifications Frameworks Shaping Curriculum through Tuning Top-Down versus Bottom-Up Standardization The Bologna Process and Transferability of Evaluation The Bologna Process and the Social Dimension To Join or Not to Join? That is the Question Spread of the Bologna Process Downsides of the Bologna Process Research in European Universities Tuition Free Education and Its Problems How Private School Education in European Countries Is Financed The Move toward Decentralization Standardization as a Threat: The Japanese Experience Japan''s Individuality Crisis A History of "Honne" Bowing to "Tatemae" The Perils of Importing Progress The Samuraization of Workers and Students A Lost Opportunity Japan Goes to War in the Marketplace Does Excessive Regimentation Support a Hidden Curriculum in the Classroom? Competition Out of Control Japan''s Inability to Modernize Its Education System The Toll Taken By Excessive Standardization Those Who Suffer the Most More Disturbing Evidence The Nation as a Whole Suffers The Major Obstruction to Change The Inability to Get beyond Dependency Theory and Its Consequences Is Cultural Reform Possible? Things That Need Further Improvement in the United States Developing Standards for Academic Achievement at the Highest Level Improving the Performance of Teachers as Well Teachers as Students Teacher Empowerment as the Biggest Challenge Measurement That Makes Sense Once Again, Standardization versus Reflective Thinking Why neither Charter Schools nor Vouchers nor Private Schools Provide the Answer Tracking, More Harm Than Good? The Limitations of IQ Tests The Impossible Becomes Possible Historical Progress of the U.

S. Education System Still Seeking the Best Approach Updating the Attitude of Teachers The Current Challenge Putting the Pieces in Place Self-Management as the Key to Learning Our Traditional Grading System Made Obsolete Dealing with the Logistics of the New Paradigm Meeting the Initial Challenge Encouraging and Measuring Progress Breaking Down Traditional Boundaries Including University-Level Work in the Loop Time to Move on toward New World Education Bibliography.