Preface xi 1 Introduction and Overview 1 Overall Approach, 4 Universities as Complex Systems, 5 Complex Adaptive Systems, 6 Universities as Complex Adaptive Systems, 8 Nonlinear, Dynamic Behavior, 8 Independent Agents, 8 Goals and Behaviors That Differ or Conflict, 8 Intelligent and Learning Agents, 9 Self?Organization, 9 No Single Point(s) of Control, 9 Implications, 9 Overview of Chapters, 10 Chapter 1: Introduction and Overview, 10 Chapter 2: Evolution of the Research University, 10 Chapter 3: Mission and Structure, 10 Chapter 4: Leadership and Governance, 11 Chapter 5: Administration, 11 Chapter 6: Money and Space, 11 Chapter 7: Promotion and Tenure, 11 Chapter 8: Education Programs, 12 Chapter 9: Research and Intellectual Property, 12 Chapter 10: Rankings and Brand Value, 12 Chapter 11: Transformation Scenarios, 12 Chapter 12: Exploring the Future, 13 References, 13 2 Evolution of the Research University 15 Early Universities in Europe, 16 University of Bologna, 16 University of Paris, 17 University of Oxford, 17 University of Padua, 17 University of Cambridge, 18 Summary, 18 Early Universities in America, 19 Humboldt''s Innovation, 19 Morrill Acts, 20 Bush and NSF, 22 Engineering Science, 24 Today''s Research Universities, 24 Conclusions, 26 References, 27 3 Mission and Structure 29 Mission, 29 Athletics, 31 Structure, 32 Ecosystem: Society and Government, 32 Structure: Campuses, Colleges, Schools, and Departments, 33 Processes: Education, Research, and Service, 34 Practices: Education, Research, and Service, 35 Research Centers, 35 Appointments, 38 Conclusions, 39 References, 39 4 Leadership and Governance 41 Leadership, 42 Leadership and Change, 42 Leadership and Time, 44 Stewards of the Status Quo, 46 Leading Research Centers, 48 Leadership Experiences, 49 Governance, 51 Governing Boards, 51 Administration and Faculty, 51 Other Players, 52 Governance Experiences, 52 Conclusions, 55 References, 55 5 Administration 57 Number of Administrators and Costs, 59 Performance Evaluation, 61 Conflict Management, 64 Conflicts within Organizations, 64 Conflicts across Organizations, 64 People Conflicts, 65 Compliance and Abuse, 66 Marketing and Communications, 66 Book Series, 67 The Costs of Conformity, 67 Conclusions, 68 References, 69 6 Money and Space 71 Economics of Higher Education, 72 Value of Education, 72 Economists'' Views, 73 Government Subsidies, 74 Higher Education Bubble, 74 Public Endowment, 75 Costs of Higher Education, 75 Cost Disease, 75 Cost Analyses, 76 Indirect Costs, 77 Staffing Patterns, 77 Student and Institutional Debt, 78 Revenue: Tuition, 79 Revenue: Government Dependencies, 80 Revenue: Fundraising, 81 Fundraising Experiences, 82 Summary, 83 Lessons Learned, 83 Overall Economic Model, 85 Space, 86 Conclusions, 87 References, 87 7 Promotion and Tenure 89 Nature and Roles of Faculty, 90 Academic Disciplines, 90 Faculty Impact, 91 TT versus NTT Faculty, 92 Availability of Faculty Positions, 92 Faculty Turnover, 93 Nature of Tenure Decisions, 95 Promotion and Tenure Experiences, 97 What Really Counts, 98 Making the Case, 98 Model of Tenure Decision Making, 99 Conclusions, 103 References, 103 8 Education Programs 105 Stem Challenges, 106 Student Population, 106 Value of Education, 107 Degree Programs, 108 Curricula and Courses, 109 Delivery of Education, 110 Teaching Experiences, 112 Workforce Model, 114 Conclusions, 118 References, 119 9 Research and Intellectual Property 121 Challenges, 122 Peer Review, 122 Bibliometrics, 122 Funding, 124 Research Experiences, 125 Libraries and Networks, 125 Limits of Modeling, 125 Healthcare Delivery, 126 Interactive Visualization, 126 Government Sponsors, 127 Industry Sponsors, 127 Research Model, 128 Submission of Articles, 128 Citation of Articles, 130 Submission of Proposals, 131 Overall Model, 132 Intellectual Property, 135 Spin?Off Experiences, 135 Conclusions, 137 References, 137 10 Rankings and Brand Value 139 Ranking Schemes, 140 Example of Moving Up, 142 Determinants of Rankings, 143 Brand Value, 146 Model of Brand Value, 146 More on Metrics, 148 Example, 149 Conclusions, 150 References, 151 11 Transformation Scenarios 153 Forces for Change, 153 Costs and Benefits, 154 Globalization, 154 A Tsunami of Talent, 156 Technology, 157 Organizational Change, 158 Theory and Practice, 159 Four Scenarios, 160 Driving Forces, 161 Clash of Titans, 161 Hot, Flat, and Crowded, 162 Lifespan Mecca, 162 Network U., 163 Implications, 163 Transforming Academia, 164 Clash of Titans, 165 Hot, Flat, and Crowded, 165 Lifespan Mecca, 166 Network U., 166 How Change Happens, 167 Conclusions, 168 References, 169 12 Exploring the Future 173 Sensitivity Analyses, 176 Scenario Variations, 180 Clash of Titans, 180 Hot, Flat, and Crowded, 180 Lifespan Mecca, 181 Network U., 181 Projections, 182 Policy Implications, 185 Across Scenarios, 185 Within Scenarios, 186 Summary, 187 Extensions, 187 Conclusions, 189 References, 189 Index 191.