SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION Prelude Rheumatic Heart Disease--An Epidemiological Mystery Anatomy of the Mitral Valve Pathological Aspects of Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis Pathophysiology, Natural History and Hemodynamics of Mitral Stenosis SECTION 2: EVALUATION PRIOR TO PERCUTANEOUS MITRAL VALVOTOMY Mitral Stenosis-- Evaluation and Medical Management Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy--Indications, Contraindications and Mechanism Stress Testing Prior to Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy Electrocardiogram in Mitral Stenosis Radiological Evaluation in Mitral Stenosis Balloon Mitral Valvotomy--Role of Echocardiography Three-dimensional Echocardiography in PMV: The Latest Tool Subvalvular Apparatus in Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis-- Methods of Assessment and Therapeutic Implications Atrial Function in Mitral Stenosis--Effect of Percutaneous Mitral Valvuloplasty SECTION 3: PMV--PROCEDURE, TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND PERIPROCEDURAL MONITORING Transseptal Puncture Use of Safe-Sept Guidewire in Transseptal Access Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy--Procedure Periprocedural Monitoring during PMV Anesthetic Management during Percutaneous Mitral Valvuloplasty Intracardiac Echocardiography Imaging in Percutaneous Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty SECTION 4: PMV--TECHNIQUES AND GADGETS Different Techniques and Devices for Percutaneous Mitral Valvuloplasty--Introduction The Single Balloon Mitral Valvotomy Catheters Double Balloon Technique Mitral Valvotomy by Metallic Commissurotome JOMIVA Balloon Other Gadgets for Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy Percutaneous Mitral Valvuloplasty--Comparative Analysis of Different Gadgets Reuse and Resterilization of PMV Hardware SECTION 5: COMPLICATIONS FOLLOWING PMV Device-related Complications during Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy Complications of Transseptal Puncture and Management Neurological Complications Related to Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy Thromboembolic Complications during Balloon Mitral Valvotomy Arrhythmias and Its Management during Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy Deflation Failure of Mitral Valvuloplasty Balloon Emergency Surgery after Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy Troubleshooting of Single Balloon Catheters--Inoue and Accura Balloons SECTION 6: PMV IN SPECIAL SITUATIONS Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy in Pregnancy Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy in Juvenile Mitral Stenosis Transjugular Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy Percutaneous Prosthetic Mitral Balloon Valvotomy Tackling Subvalvular Disease during Balloon Mitral Valvotomy Over-the-Wire Techniques during PMV PMV Performed with other Percutaneous Interventions Balloon Tricuspid Valvotomy along with PMV PMV in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy in Dextrocardia Balloon Mitral Valvotomy--Left Femoral Vein Approach and in Venous Anomalies Retrograde Nontransseptal Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy in Technically Challenging Situations Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion and Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy Percutaneous Treatment of Lutembacher''s Syndrome: Balloon Mitral Valvotomy and Device Closure of Atrial Septal Defect Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy in Mitral Restenosis SECTION 7: LONG-TERM OUTCOME FOLLOWING PMV Left Atrial Thrombosis in Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis Comparison of Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy and Surgical Mitral Commissurotomy Mitral Regurgitation Following Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy Atrial Septal Defects Following Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy Pulmonary Hypertension in Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis-- Influence of Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy Long-term Follow-up of Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Mitral Valvotomy Setting A New PMV Program.