Preface xi Part I HISTORICAL THINKING 1 1 THE USES OF HISTORY 3 Exercises Set A 8 Exercises Set B 10 2 THE NATURE OF HISTORY: HISTORY AS RECONSTRUCTION 13 Exercises Set A 21 Exercises Set B 24 3 HISTORICAL THINKING: CONTINUITY AND CHANGE 27 Exercises Set A 37 Exercises Set B 39 4 HISTORICAL THINKING: MULTIPLE CAUSALITY IN HISTORY 43 Exercises Set A 55 Exercises Set B 60 5 HISTORICAL THINKING: CONTEXT 65 Exercises Set A 73 Exercises Set B 77 6 HISTORY WRITING: TELLING A STORY 83 Exercises Set A 91 Exercises Set B 98 Part II CONFRONTING THE HISTORICAL ACCOUNT 101 7 LIBRARIES: REAL AND VIRTUAL 103 Exercises Set A 115 Exercises Set B 124 8 READING HISTORY 131 Exercises Set A 141 Exercises Set B 149 9 HISTORY ON FILM 151 Exercise 165 Part III DOING HISTORY 167 10 EVIDENCE 169 Exercises Set A 179 Exercises Set B 188 11 ORAL HISTORIES, STATISTICS, AND PHOTOGRAPHS 197 Exercises Set A 211 Exercises Set B 214 12 INTERPRETATION 217 Exercises Set A 227 Exercises Set B 234 13 WRITING FOR YOUR READER 241 Exercises Set A 249 Exercises Set B 250 Part IV HISTORIOGRA PHY 253 14 THE HISTORY OF HISTORY 255 Exercise 269 15 HISTORY AND THE DISCIPLINES 271 Exercises 279 appendix A: FUR TRADE ON THE UPPER MISSOURI RIVER: DOCUMENTS 287 appendix B: SOURCE REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHIES 295 appendix C: SAMPLE ORAL HISTORY RELEASE FORM 299 SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING 301 Index 307 Writing Capsules 1. Coherent Paragraphs: The Topic Sentence 10 2. The Literature Review 35 3. Essays: The Introduction 76 4. Integrating Quotations 97 5. The Précis 148 6. Coherent Paragraphs: Transitions 244.