PrefaceAcknowledgmentsAbout the AuthorsDigital ResourcesPART I * YIPPEE! I''M IN STATISTICSChapter 1 * Statistics or Sadistics? It''s Up to You What You Will Learn in This Chapter Why Statistics? A 5-Minute History of Statistics Statistics: What It Is (and Isn''t) What Am I Doing in a Statistics Class? Ten Ways to Use This Book (and Learn Statistics at the Same Time!) What Else Does This Book Contain? Summary Time to Practice Student Study SitePART II * WELCOME TO THE INTERESTING, USEFUL, FLEXIBLE, FUN, AND (VERY) DEEP WORLDS OF R AND RSTUDIOChapter 2 * Here''s Why We Love R and How to Get Started What You Will Learn in This Chapter A Very Short History of R The Pluses of Using R The Minuses of Using R Other Reasons to Use R? A Short Note to You (and to Your Instructor) About Open Source (Again!) Where to Find and Download R Packages and Functions in R A Note About Formatting Bunches of Data--Free! Getting R Help Getting Help on Help Some Important Lingo Where to Find RStudio and How to Install It Take RStudio for a Test Ride Ordering From RStudio Summary Time to Practice Student Study SiteChapter 3 * Using RStudio: Much Easier Than You Think What You Will Learn in This Chapter The Grand Tour and All About Those Four Panes RStudio Pane Goodies Showing Your Stuff--Working With Menus and Tabs and a Sample Data Analysis Using RStudio The Basics: +, -, ?, *, and More: Using Operators Working With Data Let''s See What''s in the Workspace Reading in Established Data Sets Oops! How Do You Correct Console Errors? Pointing and Clicking to Open a Data Set Computing Some Statistics Ten Important Things to Remember About R and RStudio (but Not Necessarily in Order of Importance) Summary Time to Practice Student Study SitePART III * SIGMA FREUD AND DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICSChapter 4 * Computing and Understanding Averages: Means to an End What You Will Learn in This Chapter Computing the Mean Computing the Median Computing the Mode When to Use What Measure of Central Tendency (and All You Need to Know About Scales of Measurement for Now) Using the Computer to Compute Descriptive Statistics Real-World Stats Summary Time to Practice Student Study SiteChapter 5 * Understanding Variability: Vive la Différence What You Will Learn in This Chapter Why Understanding Variability Is Important Computing the Range Computing the Standard Deviation Step-by-Step What''s the Big Deal? Computing the Variance Using R to Compute Measures of Variability Real-World Stats Summary Time to Practice Student Study SiteChapter 6 * Creating Graphs: A Picture Really Is Worth a Thousand Words What You Will Learn in This Chapter Why Illustrate Data? Ten Ways to a Great Graphic First Things First: Creating a Frequency Distribution The Plot Thickens: Creating a Histogram The Next Step: A Frequency Polygon Cumulating Frequencies Other Cool Ways to Chart Data Using the Computer (R, That Is) to Illustrate Data Real-World Stats Summary Time to Practice Student Study SiteChapter 7 * Computing Correlation Coefficients: Ice Cream and Crime What You Will Learn in This Chapter What Are Correlations All About? Computing a Simple Correlation Coefficient Understanding What the Correlation Coefficient Means A Determined Effort: Squaring the Correlation Coefficient Computing the Correlation Coefficient by Entering Data Computing the Correlation Coefficient by Importing a File Other Cool Correlations Parting Ways: A Bit About Partial Correlation Using R to Compute Partial Correlations Real-World Stats Summary Time to Practice Student Study SiteChapter 8 * An Introduction to Understanding Reliability and Validity: Just the Truth What You Will Learn in This Chapter An Introduction to Reliability and Validity Reliability: Doing It Again Until You Get It Right Different Types of Reliability Computing Cronbach''s Alpha Using R to Calculate Cronbach''s Alpha Understanding the R Output Computing Interrater Reliability How Big Is Big? Finally: Interpreting Reliability Coefficients Validity: Whoa! What Is the Truth? A Last Friendly Word Validity and Reliability: Really Close Cousins Real-World Stats Summary Time to Practice Student Study SitePART IV * TAKING CHANCES FOR FUN AND PROFITChapter 9 * Hypotheticals and You: Testing Your Questions What You Will Learn in This Chapter So You Want to Be a Scientist Samples and Populations The Null Hypothesis The Research Hypothesis What Makes a Good Hypothesis? Real-World Stats Summary Time to Practice Student Study SiteChapter 10 * Probability and Why It Counts: Fun With a Bell-Shaped Curve What You Will Learn in This Chapter Why Probability? The Normal Curve (a.k.a. the Bell-Shaped Curve) Our Favorite Standard Score: The z Score Hypothesis Testing and z Scores: The First Step Fat and Skinny Frequency Distributions Real-World Stats Summary Time to Practice Student Study SitePART V * SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT: USING INFERENTIAL STATISTICSChapter 11 * Significantly Significant: What It Means for You and Me What You Will Learn in This Chapter The Concept of Significance Significance Versus Meaningfulness An Introduction to Inferential Statistics An Introduction to Tests of Significance Be Even More Confident Real-World Stats Summary Time to Practice Student Study SiteChapter 12 * The One-Sample z Test: Only the Lonely What You Will Learn in This Chapter Introduction to the One-Sample z Test The Path to Wisdom and Knowledge Computing the z Test Statistic Using R to Perform a z Test Special Effects: Are Those Differences for Real? Real-World Stats Summary Time to Practice Student Study SiteChapter 13 * t(ea) for Two: Tests Between the Means of Different Groups What You Will Learn in This Chapter Introduction to the t Test for Independent Samples The Path to Wisdom and Knowledge Computing the t Test Statistic The Effect Size and t(ea) for Two Using R to Perform a t Test Real-World Stats Summary Time to Practice Student Study SiteChapter 14 * t(ea) for Two (Again): Tests Between the Means of Related Groups What You Will Learn in This Chapter Introduction to the t Test for Dependent Samples The Path to Wisdom and Knowledge Computing the t Test Statistic Using R to Perform a t Test The Effect Size for t(ea) for Two (Again) Real-World Stats Summary Time to Practice Student Study SiteChapter 15 * Two Groups Too Many? Try Analysis of Variance What You Will Learn in This Chapter Introduction to Analysis of Variance The Path to Wisdom and Knowledge Different Flavors of ANOVA Computing the F Test Statistic Using R to Compute the F Ratio The Effect Size for One-Way ANOVA But Where Is the Difference? Real-World Stats Summary Time to Practice Student Study SiteChapter 16 * Two Too Many Factors: Factorial Analysis of Variance--A Brief Introduction What You Will Learn in This Chapter Introduction to Factorial Analysis of Variance The Path to Wisdom and Knowledge A New Flavor of ANOVA All of Those Effects The Main Event: Main Effects in Factorial ANOVA The Other Rows Plotting the Means by Group Even More Interesting Interaction Effects Assumptions About Variances Using R to Compute the F Ratio Computing the Effect Size for Factorial ANOVA Real-World Stats Summary Time to Practice Student Study SiteChapter 17 * Testing Relationships Using the Correlation Coefficient: Cousins or Just Good Friends? What You Will Learn in This Chapter Introduction to Testing the Correlation Coefficient The Path to Wisdom and Knowledge Computing the Test Statistic Causes and Associations (Again!) Using R to Compute a Correlation Coefficient (Again) Real-World Stats Summary Time to Practice Student Study SiteChapter 18 * Using Linear Regression: Predicting the Future What You Will Learn in This Chapter Introduction to Linear Regression What Is Prediction All About? The Logic of Prediction Drawing the World''s Best Line (for Your Data) How Good Is Your Prediction? Using R to Compute the Regression Line Understanding the R Output The More Predictors the Better? Maybe Real-World Stats Summary Time to Practice Student Study SitePART VI * MORE STATISTICS! MORE TOOLS! MORE FUN!Chapter 19 * Chi-Square and Some Other Nonparametric Tests: What to Do When You''re Not Normal What You Will Learn in This Chapter Introduction to Nonparametric Statistics Introduction to the Goodness-of-Fit (One-Sample) Chi-Square Computing the Goodness-of-Fit Chi-Square Test Statistic Introduction to the Test of Independence Chi-Square Computing the Test of Independence Chi-Square Test Statistic Using R to Perform Chi-Square Tests Understanding the R Output Other Nonparametric Tests You Should Know About Real-World Stats Summary Time to Practice Student Study SiteChapter 20 * Some Other (Important) Statistical Procedures You Should Know About What You Will Learn in This Chapter Multivariate Analysis of Variance Repeated-Measures Analysis of Variance Analysis of Covariance Multiple Regression Multilevel Models Meta-Analysis Logistic Regression Factor Analysis Path Analysis Structural Equation Modeling Summary Student Study SiteAppendix A: More Fun Stuff With R and RStudioAppendix B: TablesAppendix C: Data SetsAppendix D: Answers to Practice QuestionsAppendix E: Math: Just the BasicsAppendix F: The 10 (or More) Best (and Most Fun) Internet Sites for Statistics StuffAppendix G: The 10 Commandments of Data CollectionAppendix H: GlossaryAppendix I: The RewardIndex.