Preface- Acknowledgments- Texas Mammals-- Diversity of Land Mammals- Geographic Distribution of Land Mammals- Mammals of the Barrier Islands of Texas- Diversity of Mammals in the Coastal Waters and Gulf of Mexico- Historical Changes in the Texas Mammal Fauna- History of Mammalogy in Texas- Conservation Strategies- Key to the Major Groups (Orders) of Mammals in Texas- Order Didelphimorphia (opossums and allies)-- Family Didelphidae (opossums)-- Virginia Opossum, Didelphis virginiana- Order Xenarthra (armadillos, sloths, and allies)-- Family Dasypodidae (armadillos)-- Nine-banded Armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus- Order Insectivora (shrews and moles)-- Key to the Insectivores of Texas- Family Soricidae (shrews)-- Southern Short-tailed Shrew, Blarina carolinensis- Elliot's Short-tailed Shrew, Blarina hylophaga- Least Shrew, Cryptotis parva- Desert Shrew, Notiosorex crawfordi- Family Talpidae (moles)-- Eastern Mole, Scalopus aquaticus- Order Chiroptera (bats)-- Key to the Bats of Texas- Family Mormoopidae (mormoopid bats)-- Ghost-faced Bat, Mormoops megalophylla- Family Phyllostomidae (leaf-nosed bats)-- Mexican Long-tongued Bat, Choeronycteris mexicana- Mexican Long-nosed Bat, Leptonycteris nivalis- Hairy-legged Vampire Bat, Diphylla ecaudata- Family Vespertilionidae (vespertilionid bats)-- Southeastern Myotis, Myotis austroriparius- California Myotis, Myotis californicus- Western Small-footed Myotis, Myotis ciliolabrum- Southwestern Little Brown Bat, Myotis occultus- Northern Long-eared Myotis, Myotis septentrionalis- Fringed Myotis, Myotis thysanodes- Cave Myotis, Myotis velifer- Long-legged Myotis, Myotis volans- Yuma Myotis, Myotis yumanensis- Western Red Bat, Lasiurus blossevillii- Eastern Red Bat, Lasiurus borealis- Hoary Bat, Lasiurus cinereus- Southern Yellow Bat, Lasiurus ega- Northern Yellow Bat, Lasiurus intermedius- Seminole Bat, Lasiurus seminolus- Western Yellow Bat, Lasiurus xanthinus- Silver-haired Bat, Lasionycteris noctivagans- Western Pipistrelle, Pipistrellus hesperus- Eastern Pipistrelle, Pipistrellus subflavus- Big Brown Bat, Eptesicus fuscus- Evening Bat, Nycticeius humeralis- Spotted Bat, Euderma maculatum- Rafinesque's Big-eared Bat, Corynorhinus rafinesquii- Townsend's Big-eared Bat, Corynorhinus townsendii- Pallid Bat, Antrozous pallidus- Family Molossidae (free-tailed bats)-- Brazilian Free-tailed Bat, Tadarida brasiliensis- Pocketed Free-tailed Bat, Nyctinomops femorosaccus- Big Free-tailed Bat, Nyctinomops macrotis- Western Mastiff Bat, Eumops perotis- Order Carnivora (carnivores)-- Key to the Carnivores of Texas- Family Canidae (canids)-- Coyote, Canis latrans- Gray Wolf, Canis lupus- Red Wolf, Canis rufus- Swift or Kit Fox, Vulpes velox- *Red Fox, Vulpes vulpes- Common Gray Fox, Urocyon cinereoargenteus- Family Ursidae (bears)-- American Black Bear, Ursus americanus- Grizzly or Brown Bear, Ursus arctos- Family Procyonidae (procyonids)-- Ringtail, Bassariscus astutus- Northern Raccoon, Procyon lotor- White-nosed Coati, Nasua narica- Family Mustelidae (mustelids)-- Long-tailed Weasel, Mustela frenata- Black-footed Ferret, Mustela nigripes- American Mink, Mustela vison- American Badger, Taxidea taxus- Northern River Otter, Lontra canadensis- Family Mephitidae (mephitids)-- Western Spotted Skunk, Spilogale gracilis- Eastern Spotted Skunk, Spilogale putorius- Hooded Skunk, Mephitis macroura- Striped Skunk, Mephitis mephitis- Hog-nosed Skunk, Conepatus leuconotus- Family Felidae (cats)-- Mountain Lion, Puma concolor- Ocelot, Leopardus pardalis- Margay, Leopardus wiedii- Jaguarundi, Herpailurus yaguarondi- Bobcat, Lynx rufus- Jaguar, Panthera onca- Suborder Pinnipedia (seals, walruses, and allies)-- Family Phocidae (earless seals)-- West Indian Monk Seal, Monachus tropicalis- Order Cetacea (whales, porpoises, and dolphins)-- Key to the Whales and Dolphins of the Texas Coast- Family Balaenidae (right whales)-- Northern Right Whale, Eubala.