A HISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CLEAN AIR REGULATIONS A Brief History of the Air Pollution Problem Federal Involvement in Air Pollution Control Characterizing the Atmosphere Recipe for an Air Pollution Problem References CLEAN AIR ACT History of the Clean Air Act 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments References AIR PERMITS FOR NEW SOURCE Elements of a Permit Application Best Available Control Technology Air Quality Analysis NSR Reform References ATMOSPHERIC DIFFUSION MODELING FOR PSD PERMIT REGULATIONS Introduction - Meteorological Background The Tall Stack Classifying Sources by Method of Emission Atmospheric-Diffusion Models EPA Computer Programs for Regulation of Industry The Source-Transport-Receptor Problem References SOURCE TESTING Introduction Code of Federal Regulations Representative Sampling Techniques References AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AND CONTINUOUS EMISSIONS MONITORING Ambient Air Quality Sampling Program Objectives of a Sampling Program Monitoring Systems Federal Reference Methods and Continuous Monitoring The "Complete" Environmental Surveillance and Control System Typical Air Sampling Train Integrated Sampling Devices for Suspended Particulate Matter Continuous Air Quality Monitors References COST ESTIMATING Time Value of Money Types of Cost Estimates Air Pollution Control Equipment Cost References PROCESS DESIGN AND THE STRATEGY OF PROCESS DESIGN Introduction to Process Design The Strategy of Process Design Mass and Energy Balances References PROFITABILITY AND ENGINEERING ECONOMICS Introduction - Profit Goal Profitability Analysis The Effect of Depreciation Capital Investment and Total Product Cost References INTRODUCTION TO CONTROL OF GASEOUS POLLUTANTS Absorption and Adsorption References ABSORPTION FOR HAP AND VOC CONTROL Introduction Aqueous Systems Nonaqueous Systems Types and Arrangements of Absorption Equipment Design Techniques for Countercurrent Absorption Columns Countercurrent Flow Packed Absorption Tower Design Sample Design Calculation References for Absorption ADSORPTION FOR HAP AND VOC CONTROL Introduction to Adsorption Operations Adsorption Phenomenon Adsorption Processes Nature of Adsorbents The Theories of Adsorption Adsorption Isotherms Polanyi Potential Theory Unstady-State Fixed-Bed Adsorbers Fixed Bed Adsorber Design Considerations Pressure Drop Through Adsorbers Adsorber Effectiveness and Regeneration Breakthrough Model Regeneration Modeling References THERMAL OXIDATION FOR VOC CONTROL Combustion Basics Flares Incineration Catalytic Oxidation References CONTROL OF VOC AND HAP BY CONDENSATION Introduction VOC Condensers Coolant and Heat Exchanger Type Mixtures of Organic Vapors Air as a Noncondensable References Appendix A: Derivation of the Area Model for a Mixture Condensing from a Gas Appendix B: Algorithm for the Area Model for a Mixture Condensing from a Gas CONTROL OF VOC AND HAP BY BIOFILTRATION Introduction Theory of Biofilter Operation Design Parameters and Conditions Biofilter Compared to Other Available Control Technology Successful Case Studies Further Considerations References MEMBRANE SEPARATION Overview Polymeric Membranes Performance Applications References NOX CONTROL NOX from Combustion Control Techniques References CONTROL OF SOX H2S Control SO2 (and HCI) Removal SO3 and Sulfuric Acid References FUNDAMENTALS OF PARTICULATE CONTROL Particle Size Distribution Aerodynamic Diameter Cunningham Clip Correction Collection Mechanisms References HOOD AND DUCTWORK DESIGN Introduction Hood Design Duct Design Effect of Entrance into a Hood Total Energy Loss Fan Power Hood-Duct Example References CYCLONE DESIGN Collection Efficiency Pressure Drop Saltation References DESIGN AND APPLICATION OF WET SCRUBBERS Introduction Collection Mechanisms and Efficiency Collection Mechanisms and Particle Size Selection and Design of Scrubbers Devices for Wet Scrubbing The Semrau Principle and Collection Efficiency A Model for Counter-Current Spray Scrubbers A Model for Venturi Scrubbers The Calvert Cut Diameter Design Technique The Cut-Power Relationship References Appendix: Calvert Performance Cut Diameter Data FILTRATION AND BAGHOUSES Introduction Design Issues Cleaning Mechanisms Fabric Properties Baghouse Size Pressure Drop Bag Life References ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS Early Development Basic Theory Practical Application of Theory Flue Gas Conditioning Using V/I Curves for Troubleshooting INDEX.