Each chapter ends with a Conclusion.PrefaceMaps of the WorldPart I. Studying International Relations1. Introducing International RelationsWhat Do We Study? The Field of International RelationsWhat Is International Relations?Key Concepts- Sovereignty- Nations and statesKey Actors- State government and foreign policy- Intergovernmental organizations- Nongovernment organizationsGlobal Issues- Instability, violence, and war- Nuclear proliferation- Environmental problems- Poverty- Human rights- Population and migration- Finding a path to peace and economic improvementHow Do We Study It?Gathering Information- Government and nongovernment reports- Eyewitness sources- Communications- Intelligence- Surveys- Experimental methodsAnalyzing Information- Critical thinking in international relations- Distinguishing facts from opinions- Looking for multiple causes- Being aware of bias- TheoryHow Do We Apply It?The Individual contextThe State contextThe Global contextPast, Present, and Future: Can Democracy Be Exported?2. The Realist PerspectiveWhat Do We Study?Understanding Power in International RelationsThe Development of Realism- Theoretical roots- Realism prevails in Europe- Realism becomes a theory- NeorealismInternational Order- Polarity and international order- International order and policiesThe Rise and Fall of Three Great Realist Powers- The Ottoman Empire- The British Empire- The United States: An "empire of freedom and the dollar"?- How great powers evolveHow Do We Study It?Realpolitik- Rules of engagement- Predator states- Power shiftsInternational Order and War- Types of responses to the use of force- Neorealist strategiesNonmilitary ResponsesHow Do We Apply It?The Individual ContextThe State ContextThe Global ContextPutting the Contexts TogetherPast, Present, and Future: The North Atlantic Treaty Organization3. The Liberal PerspectiveWhat Do We Study?The Development of Liberalism- Intellectual roots- Early attempts to implement liberal principles- 1945: A new beginning for liberal principlesThe Many Faces of LiberalismHow Do We Study It?Comparing Liberalism and Realism- The obsolescence of big wars- Lessons of diplomacy- Democratic peace- Soft powerInternational and Nongovernment Institutions- Cross-national networks- Nongovernment organizationsThe Spectrum of Liberalism- Multilateralism, interventionism, and isolationism- Illiberal views: From anarchism to religious fundamentalismHow Do We Apply It?The Individual ContextThe State Context- Public support for foreign policy- Policy climateThe Global ContextPast, Present, and Future: The European Community and the Limits of the Liberal Project4. Alternative ViewsWhat Do We Study?How Do We Study It?The Constructivist View- Socially constructed meanings- Three types of international environments- History lessonsConflict Approaches- Marxism and Leninism- Other Marxist concepts- Dependency and world-systems theory- The politics of gender- Race and ethnic conflictPolitical Psychology- Rational decision-making- Biased decision-making- Group pressureHow Do We Apply It?The Individual Context- Rational and biased choices- Analogies and individuals- Irrational decision-making- Early and late socialization- Conflict theories testedThe State Context- Constructivism in the bureaucratic and group context- Access to information and statesmanship- Two-level games- The democratic-authoritarian continuum- Whose state interests?The Global Context- International factors and state interests- Gender and social conflict perspectivesPast, Present, and Future: The Cuban Missile CrisisPart II. Three Facets of a Global World5.
International SecurityWhat Do We Study?SecurityTypes of WarSecurity PoliciesHow Do We Study It?Realism- Realism and security- The security dilemma- Nuclear deterrence- The domino theory- Security regimesInternational Liberalism- Liberalism and security- International organizations and the security communityConstructivism- Perceptions, identities, and attitudes- Militarism and pacifismAlternative and Conflict Theories- Marxism- FeminismHow Do We Apply It?The Individual Context- Leaders and advisers- PsychologyThe State Context- Public opinion- Ideology- LobbyingThe Global Context- Geopolitics- Regional security- Energy, resources, and securityPast, Present, and Future: Ending the Cold War6. International LawWhat Do We Study?Law, the Role of IGOs, and International RelationsPrinciples of International LawSources of International LawThe Development of International Law- Laws of the sea- Laws of war- Humanitarian issues- Early legal institutions- From the League of Nations to the United NationsHow Do We Study It?The Realist View of International Law- Sovereignty- State interest- Law enforcementThe Liberal View of International Law- Law and reason- ExtraterritorialitySupranationalism- Supranationalism and human rights- The legality of warConstructivism and other views- Ideology and law- Perceptions of international law- Conflict theories- Self-organizationHow Do We Apply It?The Individual Context- Political authorityThe State Context- International law and the United StatesThe Global Context- From nationalism to supranationalism- Back to realityPast, Present, and Future: War Crimes, Genocide, and the Legacy of Nuremberg7. International Political EconomyWhat Do We Study?The Major Factors of International Political Economy- Production and Consumption- Finances- TradeHow Do We Study It?Mercantilism: An economic realism?- Principles of mercantilism- Mercantilism and mealismEconomic Liberalism- The roots of economic liberalism- Principles of economic liberalism- The Keynesian challenge- International organizations- Regional trade agreementsConstructivism- National purpose- Economic climateConflict Theories- Marxism- Economic dependency- Fair tradeHow Do We Apply It?The Individual Context- Political leadership- MicroeconomicsThe State Context- Domestic politics- Surplus or manageable deficit?The Global Context- Which economic policy?- Global interdependence- Global poverty- International institutions and the global economy- Culture and conflictPast, Present, and Future: "The Beijing Miracle"Part III. Twenty-First Century Challenges8. International TerrorismWhat Do We Study?Terrorism and CounterterrorismWhy Definitions Are Important- Legitimization of military actions- Mobilization of international law- Justification of other policiesHow Terrorism WorksAssumptions and methods- The "logic" of terrorismTerrorism: In the Name of What?- Anarchists- Extreme nationalists- Radical Socialists- Religious fundamentalistsHow Do We Study It?The Realist view of Terrorism- Power balance- Asymmetrical threats- CounterterrorismThe Liberal View of Terrorism- Understanding causes of terrorism- Criminalizing terrorism- Liberalism and counterterrorismThe Constructivist View of Terrorism- Three pillars of terrorism- Ideology and Identity- Conflict theories- Political socializationHow Do We Apply It?The Individual Context- The terrorist''s profile- Bush and Obama on terrorism- Rehabilitation as counterterrorismThe State Context- Domestic costs of counterterrorism- Terrorism as a means to gain state power- Democratic governance and terrorismThe Global Context- Effectiveness- Global waves- Global counterterrorismPast, Present, and Future: Al-Qaeda9. Environmental Problems and International PoliticsWhat Do We Study?Environmental Problems- Acid rain- Air pollution- Ozone depletion- Climate change- Deforestation- Loss of wildlife- Loss of clean waterDisasters and Accidents- Natural disasters- Human-created disastersEnvironmental Policies Today- Restriction and regulation- Green investments- Comprehensive policies- Policy implementationHow Do We Study It?Realism- Environmental disasters and security- Conflict- The global commons- Environment and sovereigntyLiberalism- International treaties and organizations- Nongovernment organizations- Public awarenessConstructivism- Environmental valuesAlternative and critical viewsHow Do We Apply It?The Individual Context- Environmentalism and skepticism- A sense of mission and leadershipThe State Context- National purpose and partisan politics- The democratic contextThe Global Context- The environment and business- The need for global efforts- Global policy and climate changePast, Present, and Future: Greenpeace10. Humanitarian ProblemsWhat Do We Study?Humanitarian Problems- Pandemics and infectious diseases- AIDS- Chronic starvation and malnutrition- Acute sufferingCauses of Humanitarian Problems- Natural disasters- Mismanagement- Politics- Mass violence- Extreme poverty- Overpopulation- Involuntary migration- Interconnected problemsHumanitarian Policies- Humanitarian intervention- Relief efforts- Crisis prevention- Population policies- Anti-poverty policies- Refugee policiesHow Do We Study It?RealismLiberalism- Theoretical principles- Global governanceConstructivismConflict TheoriesHow Do We Apply It?The Individual Context- Leaders'' choices- Denying or hiding problemsThe State Context- Political climate- Favorable conditionsThe Global Context- New and evolving concerns- Policy arguments- Efficiency of aid- Sustainability of successPast, Present, and Future: Celebrity Activism11. Hearts and Minds: Identity and Political CultureWhat Do We Study?Values and IdentitiesPolitical Culture- Types of political culture- Views of political authorityCultures as Civilizations- Cultural identities- A clash of civilizations?Political Attitudes- Nationalism- Tribalism- Xenophobia- FundamentalismHow Do We Study It?RealismLiberalismConstructivismConflict TheoriesHow Do We Apply It?The Individual Context- Visionaries and fanatics- Political mobilizationThe State Context- Collective Experiences- Political culture and state unityEconomic leverageDemocratic normsThe Global Context- Toward a global political culture- Resistance to globalizationDo cultures clash?Hybrid political culturesPast, Present, and Future: China''s Changing Identity12.
Forecasting the World of 2025What Do We Study.