Preface and Acknowledgments A Note on Texts and Translations Introduction The Advent of Religion in Japan Obscure Obstacles Unlearning Shukyo Unlearning "Religion" Overview of the Work 1. The Marks of Heresy Difference Denied: Hierarchical Inclusion Strange Aberrations: Exclusive Similarity Hunting Heretics 2. Heretical Anthropology Contested Silences: Two Versions of the Acts of the Saints Demonic Dharma Japanese Heretics and Pagans 3. The Arrival of Religion Negotiating "Religion" Taxonomy and Translation: Category in the Webs of Meaning Unreasonable Demands 4. The Science of the Gods Shinto as a "Nonreligion" The Way of the Gods Celestial Archeology: The Advent of European Science in Japan The Science of the Gods: Philology and Cosmology Ritual Therapeutics for the Body of the Nation The Gods of Science From Miraculous Revolution to Mechanistic Cosmos 5. Formations of the Shinto Secular Secularism Revisited Hygienic Modernity and the World of Reality Secular Apotheosis 6. Taming Demons The Demons of Modernity Restraining the Wild Monstrous Gods Evil Cults Disciplining Buddhism, Expelling Christianity 7. Inventing Japanese Religion Religion in Japanese International Missions Controlling the Heart: Debating the Role of Religion in the Modern State Inventing "Japanese Religions" 8.

Religion within the Limits Internal Convictions External Controls The Birth of Religious Studies in Japan Conclusion The Invention of Superstition The Invention of the Secular The Invention of Religion The Third Term Postscript Appendix. Religion Explained Notes Character Glossary References Index.