This book critically examines the concept of rationality, a central theme in economics and management theory, through the lens of an analytical philosophy framework. Alexander Styhre advocates for rationality to be grounded in practical reason, emphasizing the shared capacity to use language as a means of expressing ideas, beliefs and propositional attitudes. Styhre explores the key theories used in the curriculums and research within business schools, demonstrating that our understanding of rationality within these concepts needs to be understood in holistic terms. He argues that business schools should focus on developing theories of rationality that comprise of logically consistent and plausible content, instead of depending solely on the conventional assumption that such claims are authoritative due to empirical evidence. The book ultimately formulates a more logically consistent theory of agency, premised on the idea of rationality. Academics in management studies, the economics of education, sociology and sociological theory will greatly benefit from this compelling book. It is also an essential resource for policymakers, practitioners and consultants in management and organization, particularly pertaining to universities.