Introduction xxvii Chapter 1 Routing Services 1 Complex Enterprise Network Frameworks, Architectures, and Models 1 Traffic Conditions in a Converged Network 1 Cisco IIN and SONA Framework 3 Cisco IIN 3 Cisco SONA Framework 4 Cisco Network Models 6 Cisco Enterprise Architecture 6 Cisco Hierarchical Network Model 8 Cisco Enterprise Composite Network Model 9 Creating, Documenting, and Executing an Implementation Plan 13 Approaches to Creating an Implementation Plan 14 Creating an Implementation Plan 15 Implementation Plan Documentation 17 Implementation Plan Example 18 Example Network Scenario 18 Example Network Requirements 18 Example Network Implementation Plan 19 Reviewing IP Routing Principles 21 IP Routing Overview 22 Principles of Static Routing 22 Principles of Dynamic Routing 26 Principles of On-Demand Routing 28 Characteristics of Routing Protocols 30 Distance Vector, Link-State, and Advanced Distance Vector Routing Protocols 30 Classful Routing Protocol Concepts 31 Classless Routing Protocol Concepts 35 RIPv2 and EIGRP Automatic Network-Boundary Summarization 35 RIP 38 Characteristics of RIPv1 38 Characteristics of RIPv2 38 RIP Configuration Commands 39 Populating the Routing Table 41 Administrative Distance 41 Routing Protocol Metrics 43 Criteria for Inserting Routes into the IP Routing Table 45 Floating Static Routes 45 IP Routing Protocol Comparisons 46 Routing and Routing Protocols Within the Enterprise Composite Network Model 48 Summary 49 Review Questions 51 Chapter 2 Configuring the Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol 57 Understanding EIGRP Terminology and Operation 58 EIGRP Capabilities and Attributes 58 EIGRP Terminology 61 EIGRP Operation 63 Populating EIGRP Tables 63 EIGRP Packets 65 EIGRP Neighbors 67 Initial Route Discovery 69 DUAL 71 Advertised Distance and Feasible Distance 71 Successor and Feasible Successor 72 DUAL Example 75 EIGRP Metric Calculation 80 Planning EIGRP Routing Implementations 83 Configuring and Verifying EIGRP 84 Planning and Configuring Basic EIGRP 85 Planning for Basic EIGRP 85 Basic EIGRP Configuration 86 Basic Configuration Example 88 Another Basic EIGRP Configuration Example 89 Verifying EIGRP Operation 90 Verifying EIGRP Neighbors 93 Verifying EIGRP Routes 94 Verifying EIGRP Operations 96 Using the passive-interface Command with EIGRP 104 Propagating an EIGRP Default Route 107 EIGRP Route Summarization 109 Configuring Manual Route Summarization 110 Verifying Manual Route Summarization 112 Configuring and Verifying EIGRP in an Enterprise WAN 113 EIGRP over Frame Relay and on a Physical Interface 113 Frame Relay Overview 113 EIGRP on a Physical Frame Relay Interface with Dynamic Mapping 114 EIGRP on a Frame Relay Physical Interface with Static Mapping 116 EIGRP over Frame Relay Multipoint Subinterfaces 118 Frame Relay Multipoint Subinterfaces 118 EIGRP over Multipoint Subinterfaces 119 EIGRP Unicast Neighbors 121 EIGRP over Frame Relay Point-to-Point Subinterfaces 123 Frame Relay Point-to-Point Subinterfaces 123 EIGRP on Frame Relay Point-to-Point Subinterfaces 123 EIGRP over MPLS 125 MPLS 125 MPLS Operation 126 Service Provider Offerings 127 Layer 2 and Layer 3 MPLS VPN Solutions 128 Layer 3 MPLS VPNs 128 Layer 2 MPLS VPNs 132 EIGRP Load Balancing 134